1617
Events
January–June
- February 27 - The Treaty of Stolbovo ends the Ingrian War between Sweden and Russia. Sweden gains Ingria and Kexholm.
- April 14 - Second Battle of Playa Honda: The Spanish navy defeats a Dutch fleet in the Philippines.
- April 24 - Encouraged by Charles d'Albert, seventeen-year-old Louis XIII, king of France, forces his mother Marie de Medici, who has held de facto power, into retirement and has her favourite, Concino Concini, assassinated.
- June 5 - Ferdinand II, Archduke of Inner Austria, is elected King of Bohemia. Ferdinand's forceful Catholic counter-reformation causes great unrest, amongst the Protestants and moderates in Bohemia.
July–December
- September 1 – The weighing ceremony of Jahangir is described by the first English ambassador to the Mughal court, Sir Thomas Roe.
- September 23 – The Peace of Busza is signed, between the Ottoman Empire and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
- October 9 – The Treaty of Pavia is signed between Spain and Savoy, under which Savoy returns Monferrato to Mantua.
- November 17 – A naval battle between the Sicilians and Venetians ends inconclusively.
- November 22 – Mustafa I succeeds Ahmed I, as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
Date unknown
- At least seven women are sentenced to death by burning for witchcraft, at the Finspång witch trial in Sweden.
- Giambattista Andreini's play The Penitent Magdalene is published in Mantua.
Births
January–March
- January 6 - Christoffer Gabel, Danish statesman
- January 19 - Lucas Faydherbe, Belgian sculptor and architect
- January 22 - Lodewijck Neefs, Flemish painter
- January 23 - Ralph Josselin, English clergyman
- January 30
- * Isaac de Porthau, Gascon black musketeer of the Maison du Roi
- * William Sancroft, 79th Archbishop of Canterbury
- February 5 - Jan Thomas van Ieperen, Flemish engraver, painter
- February 22 - Robert Culliford, English politician
- March 8 - Tito Livio Burattini, Italian inventor, Egyptologist, instrument-maker
- March 17
- * David Ancillon, French Huguenot pastor and author
- * Johann Georg Macasius, German physician
April–June
- April 4 - Sir George Wharton, 1st Baronet, English baronet
- April 20 - Sir John Goodricke, 1st Baronet, English landowner and politician
- May 3 - Roger Pepys, English lawyer and politician
- May 9 - Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Eschwege
- May 23 - Elias Ashmole, English antiquarian
- June 2 - Maeda Toshitsugu, Japanese daimyō of the early Edo period
- June 13 - Sir Vincent Corbet, 1st Baronet, English politician
- June 18 - George Evelyn, English politician
- June 20 - Franciscus Bonae Spei, French Catholic scholastic theologian, philosopher
July–September
- July 31 - Nicolás Antonio, Spanish bibliographer born in Seville
- August 10 - Richard Ingoldsby, English politician
- August 13 - Johannes Andreas Quenstedt, German theologian
- August 25 - Frances Hyde, Countess of Clarendon, English noble
- September 3 - Roshanara Begum, Mughal princess
- September 13 - Margravine Louise Charlotte of Brandenburg, Duchess of Courland by marriage
- September 25 - Sir Francis Drake, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament of
- September 29 - Lothar Friedrich von Metternich-Burscheid, Prince-Bishop of Speyer
October–December
- October 5 - Dorothy Spencer, Countess of Sunderland, English countess
- October 10 - William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire, English nobleman
- October 12 - Sir Francis Gerard, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament
- October 17 - Dionisio Lazzari, Italian sculptor and architect
- October 28
- * Cornelius Hazart, Dutch Jesuit priest, polemical author
- * Antoine Garaby de La Luzerne, French poet
- November 4 - Johannes Hoornbeek, Dutch theologian
- November 6 - Leopoldo de' Medici, Italian Catholic cardinal
- November 16 - Frederick VI, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
- November 19 - Eustache Le Sueur, French painter
- December - Gerard ter Borch, Dutch painter
- December 4 - Federico Visconti, Cardinal Archbishop of Milan
- December 9 - Richard Lovelace, English poet
- December 22 - Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
- December 23 - Magdalene Sibylle of Saxony, Crown Princess of Denmark
- December 25 - Jean de Coligny-Saligny, French noble and army commander
Date unknown
- Paolo Casati, Italian Jesuit mathematician
- Lozang Gyatso, 5th Dalai Lama
Deaths
January–March
- January 1 - Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter
- January 6 - Dorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1561-1592 as the consort of Duke William
- January 16 - Wolf Dietrich Raitenau, Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg
- January 17 - Faust Vrančić, Croatian inventor
- January 28 - Karl II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels, Duke of Oels and Duke of Bernstadt
- February 3 - Prospero Alpini, Italian physician and botanist from the Republic of Venice
- February 8 - Edward Talbot, 8th Earl of Shrewsbury, English politician and earl
- February 11 - Giovanni Antonio Magini, Italian mathematician, cartographer and astronomer
- February 16 - Kaspar Ulenberg, German theologian
- March 1 - Edward Hoby, English politician
- March 20 - François d'Aguilon, Belgian Jesuit mathematician
- March 21 - Pocahontas, Algonquian princess
- March 27 - George II, Duke of Pomerania, non-reigning Duke of Pomerania
April–June
- April 1 - Ralph Eure, 3rd Baron Eure, English politician
- April 4 - John Napier, Scottish mathematician
- April 5 - Alonso Lobo, Spanish composer
- May 3 - Aleixo de Menezes, Portuguese Catholic archbishop
- May 7
- * David Fabricius, Frisian astronomer
- * Jacques Auguste de Thou, French historian
- May 11 - Jean Chapeauville, Belgian theologian and historian
- May 16 - Nicolas de Montmorency
- May 29 - Roger Owen, English politician
- June 20 - Raja Wodeyar I, King of Mysore
- June 27 - Jerome Xavier, Spanish Jesuit missionary
July–September
- July 8 - Leonora Dori, French noble
- July 9 - John Herbert, Welsh politician
- July 13 - Adam Wenceslaus, Duke of Cieszyn, Duke of Teschen
- July 18 - Dorothea Maria of Anhalt
- August 7 - Otto, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, Hereditary Prince of Hesse-Kassel, Administrator of Hersfeld Abbey
- August 8 - Frederick IV of Fürstenberg, German noble
- August 13 - Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman
- August 24 - Rose of Lima, Peruvian saint
- August 28 - William Willoughby, 3rd Baron Willoughby of Parham, English baron
- September 9 - Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn, German bishop
- September 25
- * Emperor Go-Yōzei of Japan
- * Francisco Suárez, Spanish Jesuit priest
- September 27 - Johan Ernst van Nassau-Siegen, Dutch general
- September 30 - Charlotte de Sauve, French courtesan
October–December
- October 10 - Bernardino Baldi, Italian mathematician and writer
- October 11 - François Vranck, Dutch statesman and justice
- October 14 - Isaac Arnauld, French noble
- October 19 - David Hoeschel, German librarian
- October 27 - Ralph Winwood, English politician
- October 31 - Alphonsus Rodriguez, Spanish Jesuit lay brother, saint
- November 10 - Barnabe Rich, English soldier and writer
- November 12 - Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de Villeroy, secretary of state under four kings of France
- November 17 - Princess Dorothea, Abbess of Quedlinburg
- November 22 - Ahmed I, Ottoman Emperor
- October 22 - Matthias Hafenreffer, German Lutheran theologian
Date unknown
- Tarquinia Molza, Italian singer
