Vertical translation
In geometry, a vertical translation is a translation of a geometric object in a direction parallel to the vertical axis of the Cartesian coordinate system.
Often, vertical translations are considered for the graph of a function. If f is any function of x, then the graph of the function f + c may be obtained by a vertical translation of the graph of f by distance c. For this reason the function f + c is sometimes called a vertical translate of f. For instance, the antiderivatives of a function all differ from each other by a constant of integration and are therefore vertical translates of each other.
