Surat is a district in the state of GujaratIndia with Surat city as the administrative headquarters of this district. It is surrounded by Bharuch, Narmada, Navsari districts and east Tapi district To the west is the Gulf of Cambay. It is the second-most advanced district in Gujarat. It had a population of 6,081,322 of which 79.68% were urban as of 2011. On 2 October 2007 Surat district was split into two by the creation of a new Tapi district, under the Surat District Re-organisation Act 2007. As of 2011 it is the 12th most populous district of India, and the second most populous district of Gujarat after Ahmadabad. As of 2011, 79.74% of Surat's population is urban and 20.26% of its population is rural. Scheduled tribes are 14.1% of its population and scheduled castes are 2.6% of its population.
Geography
Surat District's total area is 4,418 km 2, and the density of Surat District was 1,376 per km 2 at the 2011 Census. The region has the highest population density in the State, followed by Ahmedabad region.
Climate
Surat has a tropical savanna climate,moderated strongly by the Sea to the Gulf of Cambay. The summer begins in early March and lasts until June. April and May are the hottest months, the average maximum temperature being. Monsoon begins in late June and the city receives about of rain by the end of September, with the average maximum being during those months. October and November see the retreat of the monsoon and a return of high temperatures until late November. Winter starts in December and ends in late February, with average mean temperatures of around, and negligible rain. Since the 20th century, Surat has experienced some 20 floods. In 1968, most parts of the city were flooded and in 1994 a flood caused a country-wide plague outbreak, Surat being the epicenter. In 1998, 30 per cent of Surat had gone under water due to flooding in Tapti river following release of water from Ukai dam located 90 km from Surat and in Aug, 2006 more than 95 per cent of the city was under Tapti river waters, killing more than 120 people, stranding tens of thousands in their homes without food or electricity and closing businesses and schools for weeks.
Industry at a Glance
The above details has been taken from Brief Industrial Profile of Surat District
Demographics
According to the 2011 census Surat district has a population of 6,081,322, roughly equal to the nation of El Salvador or the US state of Missouri. This gives it a ranking of 12th in India. The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate was 42.24% over the decade 2001–2011 and 54.30% over the decade 1991–2001. Surat has a sex ratio of 788 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 86.5%. At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 60.06% of the population in the district spoke Gujarati, 22.90% Hindi, 8.03% Marathi, 2.60% Odia, 2.47% Urdu, 1.80% Bhili and 0.58% Telugu as their first language.
Culture
Places of tourist interest in Surat are the old fort build by Muhammad- Bin- Tughlaq, the Unai hot spring, the beautiful beaches of Ubharat and Tithal, the villages of Bardoli and Dandi where Gandhiji started Satyagraha movement and Dandi march respectively. The Vansada National Park in Surat is famous for the wild boars, leopards, tigers, panther it houses.
