It is widely accepted that Savoie takes its name from the LatinSapaudia or Sabaudia, meaning land covered in fir trees. Savoie was long part of the states of Savoy; though beginning in the 16th century, it was occupied by France several times. It was integrated into the Mont-Blanc department from 1792 to 1815. The province was annexed by France in 1860. The former Duchy of Savoy became the two departments of Savoie and Haute-Savoie. Moûtiers, capital of the former province of Tarentaise Valley ceased to be the prefecture after a law passed on September 10, 1926. Savoie hosted the 1992 Winter Olympics, based in Albertville with ski events at Tarentaise and Beaufortain. The coat of arms for Savoie was used as a pattern for the flames in the official emblem of the games. The other main alpine valley is the Maurienne, connected to the Tarentaise valley by two passes, the col de la Madeleine and the highest pass in Europe, the col de l'Iseran. The Maurienne valley was through the col du Mont Cenis, the major commercial route between France and Italy. It is one of the longest intra-alpine valleys in the Alps.
The department is crossed by the Isère river, which has its source in the Iseran pass. Its two main lakes are Lac du Bourget and Lac d'Aiguebelette, one of the least polluted in France due to a 1976 law forbidding any use of motorboats on the lake.
Economy
According to the Chambéry chamber of commerce, close to 50% of the department's wealth comes from tourism. Each year, Savoie hosts over 30 million visitor-nights of tourists. Savoie also profits from its natural resources with particular strengths in ore processing and hydroelectric power. Savoie had an exceptionally high export/import ratio of 214% in 2005. Its exports rose to €1.768 billion and €825 million in imports. Its leading exports were steel, aluminum, and electric and electronic components.
Agriculture
Savoie is famous for its cows, which produce numerous cheeses, some of them are:
Numerous wine grapes are also grown in Savoie. The most famous wines are made of Gamay, Pinot noir and Mondeuse grapes. Fruit production is the third largest component of agriculture in Savoie. Apples and pears are also produced in the region and are well known for their qualities.
Demographics
Residents of Savoie are known as Savoyards, though they can also be called Savoisiens or Savoyens. Main cities:
Chambéry: pop. 56,835
Aix-les-Bains: pop. 27,095
Albertville: pop. 18,906
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne: pop. 8,507
The "average" population density is not a good indicator: the valleys tend to be much more densely populated, whereas the mountains tend to be near-completely uninhabited.
Tourism, which is quite important to Savoie, began to develop towards the end of the 19th century, mostly summer oriented. The increase in the popularity of skiing in the 20th century made Savoie home to the largest number of ski hills in France, including many famous ones:
Val-d'Isère
Tignes
Les Arcs
La Plagne
Courchevel
Méribel
Valmorel
Les Menuires
Val Thorens
Les Saisies
Savoie Grand Revard
Bramans
Bessans
Valloire
Hydrotherapy, practised in the region since antiquity, is also quite developed. There are four locations that are still active:
Aix-les-Bains
Challes-les-Eaux
Brides-les-Bains
La Léchère
History
Savoy - Historical region
House of Savoy - Ruling dynasty of Savoy from 1032 to 1860
Duchy of Savoy - Rulers of Savoy region from 1416 to 1720