The Museum site at Colindale was once part of the RAF Hendon station and prior to that, one of the first civilian airfields, acquired by Claude Grahame-White in 1911. In 1914, the aerodrome was requisitioned for Home Defence during the First World War. Hendon became a Royal Naval Air Station, training new pilots in the flying schools on site. Operations ceased after the end of the Great War. From 1927 to 1939 Hendon housed No. 601 Squadron, nicknamed the 'Millionaires' Squadron' due to the wealth and upper social class of its volunteers. In 1939, the outbreak of war saw Hendon once again become an operational RAF station, home to No. 24 Transport and Communications Squadron. RAF Hendon also served briefly as a fighter station during the Battle of Britain. The last flight to Hendon by a fixed-wing aircraft took place on 19 June 1968, when the last operational Blackburn Beverley was delivered to the Museum prior to its royal opening in 1972. Soon afterwards, the runways were removed to make way for the Grahame Park Housing Estate. The official closure of RAF Hendon took place on 1 April 1987. The museum was officially opened at the Colindale London site on 15 November 1972 by Queen Elizabeth II. The hangars housed 36 aircraft at opening. Over the years, the collection increased, and aircraft not on display at Hendon were stored or displayed at smaller local RAF station museums. The first director of the museum was Dr John Tanner, who retired in 1987. In 1988, Dr Michael A. Fopp was appointed director general of all three sites operated by the museum. Retired Air Vice-Marshal Peter Dye replaced Fopp as director general on 9 June 2010. In October 2014, it was announced that Maggie Appleton was to be appointed as CEO of the museum. The Battle of Britain Museum was opened by Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother in November 1978. On 3 October 2016 the Battle of Britain Hall was permanently closed. The Hendon site has been regularly expanded. For example, landscaping had taking place to illustrate what the former Hendon airfield was like, in what has become a heavily urbanised area. As of 2010, it had close to 100 aircraft, including the Avro LancasterS-Sugar, which flew 137 sorties. It also includes the only complete Hawker Typhoon. Added in 2018, as part of the RAF Centenary exhibitions, were a Westland Sea King helicopter, a Gnatfast jet trainer of the Red Arrows, and a full-scale mock-up of the F-35 Lightning II stealth fighter.
Two exhibitions, RAF Stories and RAF First to the Future, opened in 2018 to commemorate the RAF centenary: RAF Stories, The First 100 years 1918-2018 of the RAF. This exhibition observes the RAF’s first 100 years, from its creation in 1918 as the world's first independent air force. It explores the different roles of the people of the RAF, alongside the changes in technology. Hangar 1 forms the main point of entry to the Museum.
Also known as the Grahame-White Factory shows the earliest days of flight on the site of The London Aerodrome, through to the formation of the independent Royal Air Force in 1918.
Battle of Britain: shows the German Junkers Ju 87 Stuka and Heinkel He 111 bombers which were types used during the Battle of Britain. Stuka on display in the Bomber Hall as part of the Battle of Britain exhibition
The Museum contains a restaurant built within a 1930s mess store building. Next to it is a children's play area with mini RAF aircraft, vehicles and buildings. A volunteer centre has been created within Building 69, originally a parachute packing RAF building. The Museum's archives, containing thousands of paper documents, books and photographs are situated on the top floor of Hangars 3/4/5.
