Rail transport in Bangkok
was introduced to Bangkok in 1893, and the national railway network was developed during the 20th century. Rapid transit in Bangkok includes several rail lines: the BTS Skytrain, MRT and Airport Rail Link.
History
Bangkok's first rail line was the private Paknam Railway linking Bangkok to Samut Prakan which opened in 1893. The national railway network was subsequently developed and first opened in 1896, linking Bangkok to Nakhon Ratchasima and then expanding to reach Chiang Mai, Nong Khai, Ubon Ratchathani and Su-ngai Kolok.Electric trams served the city from 1894 to 1968. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, King Rama V eagerly built a tram network for Bangkok by employing foreign engineers and technicians, especially Danish engineers. However, due to a lack of interest and maintenance, the tram network was completely scrapped in 1968.
Although proposals for the development of rapid transit in Bangkok had been made since 1975, leading to plans for the failed Lavalin Skytrain, it was only in 1999 that Thailand's first rapid transit system, the BTS Skytrain, began operation.
The underground MRT subsequently opened in 2004, and the Airport Rail Link began operation in 2010.
State Railway of Thailand (SRT) for Inter-city and commuter rail
Bangkok is the location of Hua Lamphong Railway Station, the main terminus of the national rail network operated by the State Railway of Thailand. Trains travelling on the Northern Line to Chiang Mai, the Northeastern Line to Nong Khai and Ubon Ratchathani, and the Eastern Line to Aranyaprathet originate at the station, and so do some trains of the Southern Line, which terminates at Su-ngai Kolok and has a connection to Malaysia. In addition to long-distance services, the SRT also operates a few daily commuter trains running from and to the outskirts of the city during the rush hour, but passenger numbers have remained low.Mass Rapid transit (Metro Train System) in Bangkok
Bangkok is currently served by three rapid transit systems: the elevated BTS Skytrain, the underground and elevated MRT and the elevated Airport Rail Link.BTS Skytrain
The Skytrain consists of two lines, totalling : Sukhumvit Line running southwards from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat Station along Phahon Yothin Road and then eastwards along Sukhumvit Road to Kheha Station in Samut Prakan. The Silom Line runs eastwards from National Stadium Station in Pathum Wan District, then southwest along Ratchadamri, Si Lom, Narathiwat Ratchanakharin and Sathon Roads, crossing the Chao Phraya passing Wong Wian Yai Station in Khlong San towards Bang Wa Station in Phasi Charoen District. Both lines are elevated, and interchange at Siam Station in Pathum Wan.MRT (Metro)
The underground MRT system opened in July 2004, and currently consists of two lines, the Blue Line and Purple Line. The Blue Line runs for from Tao Poon Station in a southward arc through the east along Ratchadaphisek Road, via Hua Lamphong, where it connects to the central railway station, to Lak Song. It has 38 stations, and connects to the BTS system at BTS stations Mo Chit, Asok, Sala Daeng and Bang Wa. The Blue Line was extended to form a circle in 2020. The Purple Line opened in 2016.Although initial passenger numbers were low and their service area remains limited to the inner city, these systems have become indispensable to many commuters. The BTS reported an average of 392,167 daily trips in 2010, while the MRT had 178,334 passenger trips per day. However, relatively high fare prices have kept these systems inaccessible to a portion of the population.
Airport Rail Link
The Airport Rail Link, opened in August 2010 after many delays, connects the city centre to Suvarnabhumi Airport in Samut Prakan Province to the east. It is operated by the SRT, and offers services between the airport and Makkasan where it connects with Phetchaburi Station of the MRT. It terminates at Phaya Thai Station, where it connects to the BTS. Its eight stations span a distance of.Lines in operation
Future expansion
The entire Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region consists of eight main lines and four feeder lines totalling to be completed by 2029.Extensions to the Sukhumvit Line to the east and north, and the MRT Blue Line are currently under construction. All are due for completion between 2018 and 2020. New lines under construction are the SRT Dark Red grade-separated commuter rail line to Rangsit, the MRT Orange Line and two MRT monorail lines - the MRT Pink Line and the MRT Yellow Line - which both commenced construction in 2017.
Rolling stock
| Line | Class | Manufacturers | Manufactured in |
| Sukhumvit Line Silom Line | Siemens Modular Metro | Siemens Mobility | |
| Sukhumvit Line Silom Line | Siemens Inspiro | Siemens Mobility | |
| Sukhumvit Line Silom Line | CNR Changchun | Changchun Railway Vehicles | |
| Sukhumvit Line Silom Line | CRRC Changchun | Changchun Railway Vehicles | |
| Blue Line | Siemens Modular Metro | Siemens Mobility | |
| Blue Line | Siemens Inspiro | Siemens Mobility | |
| Airport Rail Link | Siemens Desiro Class 360/2 | Siemens Mobility | |
| Purple Line | J-TREC Sustina S24 | Japan Transport Engineering Company | |
| Red Lines | Hitachi AT-100 Metro | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries | |
| Pink Line Yellow Line | Bombardier Innovia Monorail 300 | Bombardier Transportation CRRC Nanjing Puzhen | |
| Gold Line | Bombardier Innovia APM 300 | Bombardier Transportation CRRC Nanjing Puzhen |
Ticketing and fare rates
MRT Blue line
There are many types of stored value cards separated by passengers’ age. Elder card is for over 65 years olds and provides 50% discount from the full fare. Student card is for under 23 years olds and provides 10% discount from the full fare. Child card is for under 14 years olds and under 120 cm tall and provides 50% discount from the full fare. Adult card is for everyone doesn't provide any discount from the full fare.The fare rates are counted by the number of stations, starting from 16 Baht for a station, increasing by 2-3 Baht for each station up to 42 Baht for 17 stations.
MRT Purple line
Use the stored value cards as MRT blue line. The fare rates start from 15 Baht for a station, increasing 1 Baht for each station up to 29 Baht for 15 stations.For the passengers that don't have cards, the fare rates start from 17 Baht for a station, increasing 2-3 Baht for each station, then reach the maximum values at 42 Baht for 11 stations.
Airport Rail Link
For the city line, the fare rates start from 15 Baht for a station, increase 5 Baht for each station up to 45 Baht for 7 stations.BTS
has its own stored value cards called “Rabbit card”. There are 3 types of Rabbit card: adult, student, and senior, with 100 Baht initial stored value.BTS fare rates start from 16 Baht. The costs is based on the distance travelled. Travelling between Wongwian Yai - Bang Wa stations, On-Nut - Bearing stations will cost you 15 Baht. If you are travelling between these stations to the other station on the main line, 15 baht will be added to your fares. There are now currently free access station which will not cost you any money. Between Kasetsart University - Mo Chit stations, and Bearing - Kheha stations.