Horrocks joined the BBC in October 1981 as a news trainee. He worked on Newsnight as an assistant producer and then producer. After time as a senior producer, intake editor and output editor on Breakfast Time, he became deputy editor of Panorama in 1988. Horrocks edited BBC television's coverage of the 1992 general election. He edited the coverage of the Budget, by-elections and local elections, as well as the 1994 European Election results and General Election results programmes in May 1997. In May 1992, Horrocks was appointed editor of BBC Two's social affairs programme, Public Eye, a position he held until he launched Here And Now, a current affairs magazine intended to capture high audience figures, in January 1994. He became editor of Newsnight in April 1994, and editor of Panorama in December 1997. Horrocks became Head of Current Affairs in June 2000. He was executive producer of Brits, True Spies, Smallpox 2002, The Day Britain Stopped, Dirty War and of the documentary trilogy The Power of Nightmares. Horrocks won Bafta awards in 1997 and 2005 for his editorship of Newsnight and for The Power of Nightmares. He became Head of Television News in September 2005. In November 2007, following restructuring of BBC News, he became Head of the BBC newsroom. As Head of Diversity, when Barack Obama became US President in 2008, Horrocks only belatedly realised the coverage needed to be presented by an ethnically mixed group. He later admitted that "with hindsight" he would have ensured a more culturally representative team. In April 2009, he replaced Nigel Chapman as Head of the BBC World Service and was responsible for the overall editorial leadership and management, a post in which he remained until 2014. He is the chairman of the BBC Media ActionBoard of Trustees.
The Open University announced on 11 December 2014, that Horrocks had been appointed Vice-Chancellor of the University, taking over the role vacated by Martin Bean. He took up the post on Tuesday 5 May 2015. Proposals to cut £100 million from the annual budget of £420 million cutting courses by a third and significant staff redundancies were announced in March 2018. Horrocks described the changes, reducing courses by a third, as "reprioritising". Horrocks had also angered staff by saying academics "get away with not teaching". He later issued a letter of apology and stated: "I sincerely regret that my careless language caused offence or hurt". The following month, the OU's branch of the University and College Union passed a vote of no confidence in Horrocks, or his plans. In response, the regional UCU called Horrocks to resign "as soon as possible". Horrocks resigned from the post of Vice-Chancellor on 13 April 2018 "with immediate effect". He will remain a consultant to the institution for a further three months.