Pakistanis in Italy form one of Europe's larger Pakistani diaspora communities. Estimates for the number of Pakistanis living in Italy vary. Pakistan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs repeats the Italian government's 2003 figure of 30,500 individuals, while their embassy in Rome speculated to a reporter of Pakistani newspaper Dawn as early as 2002 that the number might have already reached as high as 50,000. Media reports in 2017 gave numbers higher than 130,000. Most of the workers are of Punjabi background with accounting 72 percent share of migrants in 2016 and 76 percent in 2017.
Migration
Most Pakistani migrants came in Italy in form of illegal immigration and are employed in the north of Italy, around Milan; they earn roughly US$700 per month in wages. Even those who entered the country illegally obtain minimum wage jobs and employment permission fairly easily, due to labour shortages in Italy caused by the ageing population and shrinking workforce. A big number of Pakistani tourists overstays their visas. The sheer number of applicants for new passports has placed a severe strain on the Pakistani embassy. A long queue stretches outside the door all week long, with an average of sixty applications per day and a peak of 120 on Mondays. Typically, one must have some proof of citizenship, such as an identity card, in order to obtain a new passport; applicants lacking any such proof must undergo interviews in which embassy officials quiz them on basic facts about Pakistan to determine if they are actually citizens of the country. In one case, a young applicant who claimed to be from Swat did not even know the name of the Wāli of Swat, but the embassy issued him a new passport anyway on the strength of his uncle's assurances that the youth was indeed a Pakistani citizen. The Pakistani ambassador to Italy often interviews the applicants personally and renders immediate decisions; however, other staff members of the embassy, even typists and drivers, have had to help in processing the flood of applications. Pakistanis initially praised the services of the embassy, comparing them favourably to Pakistani embassies in other countries where it was common for the staff to demand bribes. However, the high workload caused increasing backlogs, which by 2007 meant that 20,000 Pakistani migrants lost the chance to regularise their status and obtain work permits; migrants described the embassy's attitude as "unreasonable" and even threatened to set themselves on fire in protest.
Cultural integration
The settlement of Pakistanis to Italy has produced cultural tensions. Pakistanis living in Sarezzo, a town in the Province of Brescia, are believed to have carried out Italy's first honour killing in June 2007; a man and two of his brothers-in-law were sentenced to thirty years in prison for the killing of the man's 20-year-old daughter, who was living with her boyfriend, an Italian man, and had refused an arranged marriage. They had slit her throat and buried her body in their back garden. A monthly Urdu-language magazine called Azad has been launched. It aims to bridge the two cultures by helping Pakistani immigrants who either cannot speak Italian or have limited interaction with the locals. It also helps Pakistanis to learn about Italy and its culture. According to media commentator Ejaz Ahmad, himself a Pakistani with two decades of residence in Italy, roughly 10,000 Pakistani migrants have purchased homes in Italy, which he analyses as a signal of their intention to remain in the country.
