The Ostrovica Castle is a large medieval structure situated above the small village of Ostrovica near Kulen Vakuf, Bihać municipality, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Having been built on a woody ridge of a steep hill overlooking left bank of the shallow Una river, the castle was located on a strategic site connecting the northern and southern parts of the long Una valley. The modern-day castle was most probably built during the 15th century on the foundations of ancient fortification which dates back to ancient Roman times or even earlier.
History
In the Middle Ages, Ostrovica belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia and its Lapac County. First Mentioned in 1407 when Ladislaus I confirmed the fortress as the property of Duke Sandalj Hranic, given as a dowry for his wife Katarina Vukčić Hrvatinić. It was possessed by the Kurjaković family,, known as Princes of Krbava, who came out from one of chieftaincadet branches of the old Croatian tribe of Gusić. After them, proprietors of the castle were also Juraj Mikulčić, Ivan Keglević, and members of House of Frankopan, among others. The Ottoman threat to Ostrovica began after the fall of the medieval Kingdom of Bosnia in 1463. Still, the castle resisted until December 1523, when the castle and surrounding area came under Ottoman control. The long period of Ottoman rule lasted until 1878. In that period the castle was enlarged and reinforced, serving as an Ottoman military stronghold. Military units situated there were commanded first by dizdar and then by a captain. A significant enlargement of the castle occurred during the reign of sultan Ahmed Iat the beginning of the 17th century. The present-day look of the castle was finally given at the beginning of the 18th century. It measures 117 meters long and 83 meters wide. The main entrance is situated on the south side, while the auxiliary one is put at the north side of the fortification. During the Ottoman period Ostrovica was the seat of Kapetanija Stara Ostrovica, also comprising smaller strongholds like Orašac, Havala, Džisri-kebir, Čovka and Donji Lapac. Long-term captains were members of the Kulenovićnoble family, one of the most prominent families in Ottoman Bosnia. After Donji Lapac had been returned to Croatian control, the Ottomans moved the seat of captaincy away from the nearby Croatian-Bosnian frontier to Prkose, a stronghold in the same-named village, situated northeast of Ostrovica. In 1737, the fort was unsuccessfully besieged by the army of the Habsburg Empire during the Austro-Russian–Turkish War. The Austrian Empire took over governing Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878, but despite Croat demands, Ostrovica was not returned to the Croatian Kingdom, of which it had been part before the arrival of Ottoman Turks. Moreover, the whole territory of Turkish Croatia, including Ostrovica, Bihać, Banja Luka and so on, was given to direct Habsburg imperial control, as a part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Today the castle and its surroundings belong to the Una National Park, being occasionally renovated in the recent years in order to be more attractive to tourists.
