Motor Launch
A motor launch is a small military vessel in Royal Navy service. It was designed for harbour defence and submarine chasing or for armed high-speed air-sea rescue. Some vessels for water police service are also known as motor launches.
World War I service
Although small by naval standards, it was larger than the preceding steam or diesel-engined harbour launches of 56ft and coastal motor boats of 40 and 55 ft length. The first motor launches entered service in the First World War. These were five hundred and eighty vessels built by the US Elco company for the Admiralty, receiving the numbers ML-1 to ML-580. They served with the Royal Navy between 1916 and the end of the war, defending the British coast from German submarines. Some of the earliest examples, including ML 1, also served in the Persian Gulf from June 1916. After the Armistice of 11 November 1918 a flotilla of 12 Royal Navy motor launches travelled down the Rhine performing duty as the Rhine Patrol Flotilla. The only known surviving example of a World War I era motor launch is ML-286, which now lies in a poor condition on the banks of the River Thames.World War II types
| Type | Length | Weight | Speed | Built | Total | Lost | Designed for |
| Fairmile A motor launch | 110 ft | 57 tons | 1939 | 12 | Submarine chasing, later minelaying | ||
| Fairmile B motor launch | 85 tons | 1940-45 | 1,284 | Submarine chasing, many later roles including air-sea rescue | |||
| Harbour defence motor launch | 54 tons | 1940-45 | 486 | 47 | Defending harbours; anti-submarine | ||
| RAF Type 2 Whaleback | 21.5 tons | 1940-42 | 70 | Rescuing downed aircrew, particularly in the English Channel |
Post-war, many motor launches were taken on as pleasure boats. A number of them are on the National Register of Historic Vessels.