Mnemonics in trigonometry
In trigonometry, it is common to use mnemonics to help remember trigonometric identities and the relationships between the various trigonometric functions.
SOH-CAH-TOA
The sine, cosine, and tangent ratios in a right triangle can be remembered by representing them as strings of letters, for instance SOH-CAH-TOA in English:One way to remember the letters is to sound them out phonetically.
Another method is to expand the letters into a sentence, such as "Some Old Horses Chew Apples Happily Throughout Old Age," "Some Old Hippy Caught Another Hippy Tripping On Acid," or "Studying Our Homework Can Always Help To Obtain Achievement." The order may be switched, as in "Tommy On A Ship Of His Caught A Herring" or "The Old Army Colonel And His Son Often Hiccup". Communities in Chinese circles may choose to remember it as TOA-CAH-SOH, which also means 'big-footed woman' in Hokkien.
An alternate way to remember the letters for Sin, Cos, and Tan is to memorize the nonsense syllables Oh, Ah, Oh-Ah for O/H, A/H, O/A. Or, to remember all six functions, Sin, Cos, Tan, Cot, Sec, and Csc, memorize the syllables O/H, A/H, Oh/Ah, Ah/Oh, H/A, H/O. Longer mnenmonics for these letters include "Oscar Has A Hold On Angie" and "Oscar Had A Heap of Apples."
All Students Take Calculus
All Students Take Calculus is a mnemonic for the sign of each trigonometric functions in each quadrant of the plane. The letters ASTC signify which of the trigonometric functions are positive, starting in the top right 1st quadrant and moving counterclockwise through quadrants 2 to 4.- Quadrant I : All trigonometric functions are positive in this quadrant.
- Quadrant II : Sine and cosecant functions are positive in this quadrant.
- Quadrant III : Tangent and cotangent functions are positive in this quadrant.
- Quadrant IV : Cosine and secant functions are positive in this quadrant.
- All Stations To Central
- All Silly Tom Cats
- Add Sugar To Coffee
- All Science Teachers Crazy
- A Smart Trig Class
- CAST still goes counterclockwise but starts in quadrant 4 going through quadrants 4, 1, 2, then 3.
- ACTS still starts in quadrant 1 but goes clockwise going through quadrants 1, 4, 3, then 2.
Hexagon chart
Starting at any corner of the hexagon:
- The starting corner equals one over the opposite corner.
- Going either clockwise or counter-clockwise, the starting corner equals the next corner divided by the corner after that.
- The starting corner equals the product of its two nearest neighbors.
- The sum of the squares of each item at the top of a triangle equals the square of the item at the bottom. These are the trigonometric Pythagorean identities:
Starting function | ... equals one over the opposite | ... equals the first over the second, going clockwise | ... equals the first over the second, going counter-clockwise | ... equals the product of two nearest neighbors |