Miriam (given name)
Miriam is a feminine given name recorded in Biblical Hebrew, recorded in the Book of Exodus as the name of the sister of Moses, the prophetess Miriam.
Spelling variants include French Myriam, German Mirjam, Mirijam; hypocoristic forms include Mira, Miri and Mimi.
The name's etymology is unclear. Since many Levite names are of Egyptian origin, the name could come from the Egyptian mr "love", as in the Egyptian names mry.t-jmn "beloved of Amun" and mry.t-rꜥ "beloved of Ra".
A Judeo-Aramaic variant of this name, Maryām is recorded in the New Testament as the name of several women, including Mary, mother of Jesus and Mary Magdalene.
Variants of this name include Greek and Latin Maria, whence French Marie and English Mary.
Variant Maryam
, mother of the Jesus of the New Testament, bore a Judeo-Aramaic variant of this name, Maryām. In the New Testament of the Bible, written in Greek, her name is transliterated Mariam or Maria. Several other women in the New Testament, including St. Mary Magdalene, are called by the same name.In antiquity, it was variously etymologized as "rebellion", "bitter sea", "strong waters", "mistress", "exalted one", "ruling one", "wished for child", or "beautiful".
St. Jerome, following Eusebius of Caesarea, translates the name as "drop of the sea", from Hebrew מר mar "drop" and ים yam "sea".
This translation was subsequently rendered stella maris due to scribal error or as a result of 3rd century vowel shifts, whence our Lady's title Star of the Sea.
Alternatively, the name can be interpreted "star of the sea" if taken as a contracted form of the Hebrew מאור ma'or "star" plus ים yam "sea", yet this "strikes as a very free interpretation".
Rashi, an 11th-century Jewish commentator on the Bible, wrote that the name was given to the sister of Moses because of the Egyptians' harsh treatment of Jews in Egypt. Rashi wrote that the Israelites lived in Egypt for two hundred ten years, including eighty-six years of cruel enslavement that began at the time Moses' elder sister was born. Therefore, the girl was called Miriam, because the Egyptians made life bitter for her people.
Because of Mary's great religious significance, variants of her name are often given to girl children in both the Western and Arab worlds. In the Quran, Mary's name assumed the Arabic form Maryam, which has also passed into other languages. The Greek variant Maria passed into Latin and from thence into many modern European languages.
Notable people named Miriam
Ancient
- Biblical Miriam, the sister of Moses
- Mary the Jewess, also known as Miriam the Prophetess, an early alchemist believed to have lived some time between the first and third centuries AD
- Woman with seven sons, Jewish martyr named in Lamentations Rabbah as Miriam bat Tanhum
Medieval
- Miriam, daughter of Rashi
Modern
- Miriam, Princess of Turnovo, Spanish jewellery designer
- Miriam Ben-Porat, Israeli judge and state comptroller
- Miriam Esther Brailey, American physician
- Miriam Brouwer, Canadian cyclist
- Miriam Cani, Albanian singer
- Miriam Daly, Irish civil rights activist and republican leader
- Miriam Flynn, American voice artist and character actress
- Miriam Gallardo, Peruvian volleyball player
- Miriam Goldberg, American newspaper publisher and editor
- Miriam Gonzalez, Playboy playmate
- Miriam Hodgson, British editor of children's books
- Miriam Israeli, American-Israeli singer and lyricist
- Miriam Kara, Israeli Olympic gymnast
- Miriam Leone, Miss Italia 2008
- Miriam Leslie, American author, publisher, woman suffrage advocate, and philanthropist
- Miriam Makeba, South African singer and activist
- Miriam Margolyes, British actress
- Miriam McDonald, Canadian actress, star of Degrassi: The Next Generation
- Miriam Miranda, Honduran human rights activist
- Miriam Moses, British politician
- Miriam O'Callaghan , Irish television presenter
- Miriam Pirazzini, Italian singer
- Mirjam Pressler, German novelist and translator
- Miriam Ramón, Ecuadorian racewalker
- Miriam Roth, Israeli educationist
- Miriam Defensor Santiago, Senator in the Philippines
- Miriam Shaviv, literary editor of the Jerusalem Post
- Miriam Siderenski, Israeli Olympic runner
- Miriam Soares, Brazilian footballer
- Miriam Stockley, English South African-born singer
- Miriam Stoppard, British physician, author, television presenter, and agony aunt
- Miriam Timothy, British harpist
- Miriam Toews, Canadian author
- Miriam Beizana Vigo, Spanish writer and literary critic
- Miriam Weeks, pseudonym Belle Knox, American former pornographic actress
- Miriam Yalan-Shteklis, Israeli writer and poet
- Miriam Zetter, Mexican ten-pin bowler
Pseudonyms
- Miriam Yeung, stage name of Yeung Chin-wah, Hong Kong singer-actress
- Miriam, Mexican transgender television personality.
Notable people named Myriam
The metathesized spelling Myriam has also gained some currency, especially in France, alongside Miriam and Miryam.
The name of Israeli or Lebanese people called "Miriam" may be transliterated Miryam or Myriam depending on whether the context of the transliteration is French or English.
French-speaking
- Myriam Abel or Myriam Morea, French singer of Algerian descent
- Myriam Baverel, French martial artist
- Myriam Bédard, retired Canadian athlete
- Myriam Bru, French actress
- Myriam Birger, French pianist
- Myriam Boileau, Canadian diver
- Myriam Fox-Jerusalmi, French canoeist
- Myriam Glez, French swimmer
- Myriam Korfanty, French handball player
- Myriam Lignot, French synchronized swimmer
- Myriam Léonie Mani, Cameroonian athlete
- Myriam Merlet, Haitian political activist
- Myriam Muller, Luxembourgian actress
- Myriam Sirois, Canadian actress
- Myriam Soumaré, French athlete
Others
- Myriam Casanova, Swiss tennis player
- Myriam Montemayor Cruz, Mexican pop star known as "Myriam"
- Myriam Fares, Lebanese singer
- Myriam Flühmann, Swiss figure skater
- Myriam Hernández, Chilean singer-songwriter and television presenter
- Myriam Leuenberger, Swiss figure skater
- Myriam Marbe, Romanian composer and pianist
- Myriam Moscona, Mexican journalist
- Myriam Palacios, Chilean actress and comedian
- Myriam Sarachik, Belgian physicist
- Myriam Shehab, Lebanese singer
- Myriam Vanlerberghe, Belgian politician
- Myriam Yardeni, Romanian-born Israeli historian
Pseudonyms
- Myriam Francois-Cerrah, pseudonym of Emilie François , British actress
Fictional characters
- Miriam Rooth in Henry James's novel The Tragic Muse
- Miriam Leveirs in D.H. Lawrence's novel Sons and Lovers
- Miriam, the title character of Truman Capote's eponymous short story, his first widely acclaimed fictional work from 1949
- Miriam Blaylock in the 1983 film The Hunger
- Miriam in The Thieves of Ostia
- Miriam Pataki in the cartoon Hey Arnold!
- Miriam, the fictional protagonist of ' and a playable character in its companion game '
- Miriam, the other name of Queen Marion in the 4kids version of Winx Club
- Myriam Scuttlebutt in the video game
- Miriam “Midge” Maisel, the titular character in the tv series The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel