Born in Ruda Śląska, Bogusz started his youth career at Polish side Ruch Chorzów before making his first-team debut at 16 years old during the 2017–18 I liga in I liga on 4 March 2018 in a 2–0 win against Bytovia Bytów. In 2018, his impressive form for the side meant that Bogusz was offered a trial at Italian Serie A Side S.S.C. Napoli, however he was not granted permission by Ruch Chorzów. He made 13 appearances for the side during the 2017–18 season but was unable to prevent Ruch Chorzów being relegated from I liga. Despite being just 16, he was given the number 10 shirt for the 2018/19 season. He scored his first goal for Ruch Chorzów on 27 October 2018 against Błękitni Stargard. He scored his sixth goal of the II liga season on 19 January 2019 in a 4–1 win against Ruch Radzionków in what appeared to be his final game for the club, as on 22 January 2019, Ruch Chorzów announced that a fee had been agreed with English Championship side Leeds United to sign the player.
Leeds United
Bogusz joined English EFL Championship side Leeds United on 29 January 2019 for an undisclosed fee, signing a two-and-a-half-year contract. He became Leeds' second signing of the 2019 January transfer window after the signing of Kiko Casilla. Bogusz was part of Carlos Corberán's Leeds United under 23's side that won the PDL Northern League 2018–19 season, before becoming the nationalProfessional Development League champions following victory over Birmingham City in the final. Bogusz was named in the first-team squad and featured on the bench on 28 April 2019 in a controversial 1–1 draw against Aston Villa and remained as an unused substitute for the remainder of the season. He was named on the bench for both legs of the Championship playoff semi-final against sixth-placed Derby County, with Leeds losing 4–3 on aggregate, which saw Derby progress to the final against Aston Villa. Bogusz played in Leeds' first-team for the first time under Head Coach Marcelo Bielsa in the club's pre-season friendly against Guiseley, with Bogusz starting and scoring the winner in a 2–1 win on 11 July. On 13 July 2019, Bogusz was one of just 16 players named in Marcelo Bielsa's squad for Leeds' 2019–20 pre-season tour of Australia for matches against Manchester United and West Sydney Wanderers. On 20 July, Bogusz scored the first ever goal at the Bankwest Stadium in a 2–1 victory against West Sydney Wanderers. He made his senior debut for Leeds on 27 August 2019 in an EFL Cup match against Stoke City, with Leeds losing on 4–5 on penalties after a 2–2 draw in normal time.
International career
Bogusz has represented Poland at international level at several age groups. On 13 May 2019, Bogusz was called up to the Poland U20 for the FIFA U-20 World Cup. On 19 August 2019, Bogusz was called up to the Poland U21s for the first time for matches against Latvia U21 and Estonia U21s in September 2019. With Bogusz making his Poland U21s debut on 10 September against Estonia U21s in a 4–0 win.
