Locomotives of the Stockton and Darlington Railway
The Stockton and Darlington Railway was a railway company that operated in north-east England from 1825 to 1863. The world's first public railway to use steam locomotives, its first line connected collieries near Shildon with Stockton-on-Tees and Darlington, and was officially opened on 27 September 1825. The movement of coal to ships rapidly became a lucrative business, and the line was soon extended to a new port and town at Middlesbrough. While coal waggons were hauled by steam locomotives from the start, passengers were carried in coaches drawn by horses until carriages hauled by steam locomotives were introduced in 1833.
The S&DR was involved in the building of the East Coast Main Line between York and Darlington, but its main expansion was at Middlesbrough Docks and west into Weardale and east to Redcar. It suffered severe financial difficulties at the end of the 1840s and was nearly taken over by the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway, before the discovery of iron ore in Cleveland and the subsequent increase in revenue meant it could pay its debts. At the beginning of the 1860s it took over railways that had crossed the Pennines to join the West Coast Main Line at and Clifton, near.
The company was taken over by the North Eastern Railway in 1863, transferring of line and about 160 locomotives, but continued to operate independently as the Darlington Section until 1876. The opening of the S&DR was seen as proof of the effectiveness of steam railways and its anniversary was celebrated in 1875, 1925 and 1975. Much of the original route is now served by the Tees Valley Line, operated by Northern.
Locomotives were sometimes renumbered, and the old numbers re-used for new locomotives. The following list does not include all renumberings.
Number | Name | Wheels | Designer | Builder | Date introduced | Comments |
1 | Active, later Locomotion No. 1 | 0-4-0 | G & R Stephenson | Robert Stephenson | 1825 | Preserved at Darlington |
2 | Hope | 0-4-0 | G & R Stephenson | Robert Stephenson | 1825 | |
3 | Black Diamond | 0-4-0 | G & R Stephenson | Robert Stephenson | 1826 | |
4 | Diligence | 0-4-0 | G & R Stephenson | Robert Stephenson | 1826 | |
5 | Stockton, nicknamed Chittaprat | ? | ? | Robert Wilson and Co | 1826 | |
5 | Royal George | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | ? | 1827 | |
6 | Experiment | 0-4-0 | G & R Stephenson | Robert Stephenson | 1826 | |
7 | Rocket | 0-6-0 | Robert Stephenson? | Robert Stephenson? | 1829 | |
8 | Victory | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Shildon railway works | 1829 | |
8 | Leader | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Soho Works, Shildon | 1842 | |
9 | Globe | 0-4-0 | Timothy Hackworth? | Robert Stephenson? | ? | |
10 | Planet | 2-2-0 | Robert Stephenson | Robert Stephenson | 1830 | |
11 | North Star | 2-2-0 | Robert Stephenson | Robert Stephenson | 1830/31 | |
12 | Majestic | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
12 | Briton | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Shildon railway works | 1837 | |
12 | Trader | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Soho Works, Shildon | 1842 | |
13 | Coronation | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
14 | William IV | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
15 | Northumbrian | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
16 | Director | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
17 | Lord Brougham | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
18 | Shildon | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
19 | Darlington | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
20 | Adelaide | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
21 | Earl Grey | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
22 | Lord Durham | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Stephenson/Hawthorn | 1831/32 | |
23 | Wilberforce | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Hawthorn | 1833 | |
24 | Magnet | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Soho Works, Shildon | 1835 | The first locomotive built at Soho. |
25 | Enterprise | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | William and Alfred Kitching | 1835 | |
25 | Derwent | 0-6-0 | Timothy Hackworth | William and Alfred Kitching | 1845 | Preserved at Darlington |
26 | Arrow | 2-2-2 | Timothy Hackworth | Soho Works, Shildon | 1837 | |
27 | Swift | 0-4-0 | Hawthorn | Hawthorn | 1836 | |
28 | Sunbeam | 2-2-0 | Hawthorn | Hawthorn | 1837 | |
29 | Queen | 0-4-0 | Kitching | Kitching | 1837 | |
30 | Raby Castle | 2-2-2 | Kitching | Kitching | 1839 | |
31 | Redcar | 0-6-0 | Hackworth/Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1845 | |
32 | Eldon | 0-6-0 | Hackworth/Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1846 | |
33 | Shildon | 0-6-0 | Hackworth/Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1846 | |
34 | Driver | 0-6-0 | Hackworth/Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1846 | |
35 | Commerce | 0-6-0 | William Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1847 | |
36 | Guisbro | 0-6-0 | William Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1847 | |
37 | Gem | 0-6-0 | William Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1847 | |
38 | Rokeby | 2-4-0 | William Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1847 | |
39 | Ruby | 2-4-0 | William Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1847 | |
40 | Queen | formerly no.29 | Kitching | Kitching | 1837 | |
41 | Dart | 0-4-0 | Timothy Hackworth | Soho Works, Shildon | 1839 | |
42 | London | 0-4-0 | J Hague? | J. Hague? | 1839 | |
43 | Sunbeam | formerly no.28 | Hawthorn | Hawthorn | 1837 | |
44 | Sun | 2-2-0 | Edward Bury | William Fairbairn | 1844 | |
45 | Gannymede | 0-4-0 | Edward Bury | William Fairbairn | 1844 | |
46 | Antelope | 2-2-0 | Edward Bury | Edward Bury | 1844 | |
47 | Unicorn | 2-2-0 | Edward Bury | Edward Bury | 1844 | |
48 | Active | 0-4-2 | Kitching | Kitching | 1844 | |
49 | Raby Castle | formerly no.30 | Kitching | Kitching | 1839 | |
50 | Meteor | 2-2-2 | William Bouch | Shildon Works | 1842 | |
51 | Arrow | formerly no.26 | Timothy Hackworth | Soho Works, Shildon | 1837 | |
52 | Comet | 2-2-2 | Kirtley | Kirtley | 1840/41 | |
53 | Manchester | 2-2-2 | Sharp, Roberts and Co. | Sharp, Roberts and Co. | 1840 | |
54 | Tyneside | 2-2-2 | Robert Stephenson | Robert Stephenson | 1842 | |
55 | Wolsingham | 0-4-2 | William and Alfred Kitching | William and Alfred Kitching | 1847 | |
60 | Cleveland | 0-6-0 | J. Graham | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1848 | |
61 | Star | 0-6-0 | J. Graham | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1849 | |
62 | Southend | 0-6-0 | J. Graham | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1849 | |
63 | Birkbeck | 0-6-0 | W. Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1849 | |
64 | Larchfield | 0-6-0 | W. Bouch | Shildon railway works | 1849 | |
65 | Newmarket or Stephenson | 2-4-0 | Robert Stephenson? | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1850? | |
66 | Priam | 2-4-0 | Robert Stephenson? | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1847 | |
67 | Orion | 2-4-0 | Robert Stephenson? | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1848 | |
68 | Brunswick | 2-4-0 | Robert Stephenson? | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1850 | |
69 | Clarendon | 2-4-0 | Robert Stephenson? | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1850 | |
70 | Alarm | 2-4-0 | Robert Stephenson? | Gilkes Wilson and Company | 1851 | |
71 | Hackworth | 2-4-0 | ? | Alfred Kitching | 1851 | |
Albert | 0-6-0 | ? | Gilkes, Wilson | 1854 | ||
99 | Ayton | 2-4-0 | Alfred Kitching | Gilkes Wilson | 1855 | |
116 | Lartington | 2-4-0 | Alfred Kitching | Gilkes Wilson | 1856 | |
117 | Nunthorpe | 2-4-0 | Alfred Kitching | Gilkes Wilson | 1856 | |
118 | Elmfield | 2-4-0 | Alfred Kitching | Kitching & Co | 1857 | |
160 | Brougham | 4-4-0 | William Bouch | Robert Stephenson | 1860 | |
161 | Lowther | 4-4-0 | William Bouch | Robert Stephenson | 1860 | |
162 | Saltburn | 4-4-0 | William Bouch | Robert Stephenson | 1862 | |
163 | Morecambe | 4-4-0 | William Bouch | Robert Stephenson | 1862 | |
164 | Belfast | 4-4-0 | William Bouch | Robert Stephenson | 1862 | |
165 | Keswick | 4-4-0 | William Bouch | Robert Stephenson | 1862 |