List of the bishops of Schleswig
The List of the Bishops of Schleswig contains the names of the bishops of the see in Schleswig in chronological order. Also Lutheran bishops, who officiated after 1542, superintendents and general superintendents are listed.
Note
Between 947 and 948 Archbishop Adaldag of Hamburg-Bremen founded the three suffragan dioceses of , Århus, and Ribe. In 1104 the Schleswig see was redeployed in ecclesiastical hierarchy to become a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Lund.Since 1542 the bishops were Lutherans, partially even lacking theological qualification but only collecting the prebends from the episcopal estates. Therefore, they were assisted by Lutheran superintendents for the pastoral care. Most parishioners adopted Lutheranism too. After 1624 nobody was invested as Bishop of Schleswig any more. General superintendents fulfilled the pastoral functions as to Lutheran faithful. Between 1854 and 1864 the Lutheran church in the Duchy of Schleswig was reorganised as the led again by a cleric titled bishop.
In 1868, two years after the Prussian annexation of Holstein and Schleswig as the Province of Schleswig-Holstein the Lutheran churches in Holstein and Schleswig formed the . By the separation of state and religion after 1918 the privilege of the Prussian monarch as was abolished.
Thus in 1925 Schleswig-Holstein's Lutheran church body assumed the title of bishop, one officiating for the Holstein area, seated in Kiel, and one for Southern Schleswig, seated in Schleswig. The new offices as bishops replaced the prior general superintendents and continued also after the Schleswig-Holstein church body merged with three neighbouring church bodies in the North Elbian Evangelical Lutheran Church in 1977. In 2008 a merger of the offices did away with the office Bishop of Schleswig.
For the very few remaining, immigrating or converted Catholics pastoral functions were provided first by the Vicariate Apostolic of the Northern Missions, and later by the . After 1920 Northern Schleswig became part of the Vicariate Apostolic of Denmark, which transformed into the Roman Catholic Diocese of Copenhagen on 29 April 1953. In Southern Schleswig the rest of the Prefecture Apostolic of Schleswig-Holstein was assigned to the Diocese of Osnabrück in 1929, which had to cede this extension again in favour of the new founded Archdiocese of Hamburg in 1994.
Catholic bishops and administrator
- 947: Hored
- 948–968: Marco
- 995–?:
- ?: Folkbert
- 999–1026: Ekkehard of Oldenburg
- 1026–1034: Rodolphus
- 1043–1085: Ratolf
- 1085: Sigvard
- 1106: Gunnar
- 1120–1135: Albert
- 1135–1139: , later also Bishop of Roskilde
- 1140–1141: Hermann
- 1141–1145: Occo of Schleswig
- 1145–1161: Esbern, expelled by the Danish stadholder in Schleswig, died in Saxon exile
- 1161–1167: Occo of Schleswig, second term
- 1167–1179: Frederick I
- 1179–1208: Valdemar of Denmark, also Prince-Archbishop of Bremen.
- 1209–1233: Nicholas I, already per pro after Valdemar's imprisonment in 1192, consecrated as bishop after Valdemar's papal deposition
- 1234–1238: Tuco
- 1240-1244: John I
- 1244–1255: Eskil
- 1255–1265: Nicholas II
- 1265–1282: Bonde
- 1282–1287: James
- 1287–1307: Berthold
- 1308–1331:
- 1331–1342: Hellembert of Fischbeck
- 1343–1351: Henry I of Warendorp
- 1351–1354: , before auxiliary bishop of Brandenburg and of Olomouc, later Prince-Bishop of Minden and Prince-Archbishop of Magdeburg.
- 1354–1369: Nicholas III Brun
- 1370–1374: Henry II
- 1375–1421:
- 1421–1428:, resigned
- 1429–1474:
- 1474–1488: Helrich von der Wisch
- 1488–1499:
- * 1488: , bishop elect, elected by the chapter, but not confirmed by the pope, he resigned in favour of the papally preferred Eggert Dürkop
- 1499–1502: sede vacante
- *Administrator Apostolic John IV de Castro, simultaneously Bishop of Girgenti, Cardinal Priest of Santa Prisca, later also Bishop of Malta.
- 1502–1507: Detlef Pogwisch
- 1507–1542:
Lutheran bishops and superintendents
- 1542–1551: , simultaneously general superintendent of the Lutheran Church in the Duchy of Schleswig
- 1551–1556: Frederick II, Prince of Denmark, simultaneously Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim
- 1556–1586: Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp, simultaneously Duke of Holstein and Duke of Schleswig, assisted by Superintendent Paul von Eitzen since 1562
- 1586–1602: sede vacante
- *1586–1593 , superintendent of the Lutheran church of the Gottorp share of Holstein and Schleswig, general superintendent of the Lutheran church in the entire Duchies of Holstein and Schleswig ; before Superintendent of Hamburg
- *1593–1602: Jacob Fabricius the Elder
- 1602–1624: Ulrik of Denmark, simultaneously as Ulrich II Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Schwerin, married with Lady Catherine Hahn-Hinrichshagen
General superintendents for the royal shares of the Holstein and Schleswig duchies
The general superintendents were then first seated in Flensburg, since 1693 in Rendsburg. There were also general superintendents for the Duchies of Holstein and of Schleswig.- 1636–1668: , first general superintendent for the Duchies of Holstein and of Schleswig
- 1668–1673: , only competent for Schleswig, before court preacher in Bremervörde for Administrator Frederick II of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen
- 1673–1678: Johan Hudemann, he succeeded Rehefeld as general superintendent for Schleswig and served in the same function for Holstein royal share already since 1668
- 1678–1684:
- 1684–1709: , he first served as general superintendent only for Schleswig royal share, but succeeded in 1689 also as general superintendent for Holstein royal share too. Schwartz moved the united general superintendency to Rendsburg in 1693
- 1709–1721: , his ambit also included the formerly ducal Schleswig share, before served by general superintendent, who continued to officiate in Holstein ducal share
- 1721–1724: Thomas Clausen
- 1724–1728: Andreas Hojer, uncle of the homonymous Danish historian, served already as viceprovost for Schwartz since 1694
- 1728–1747: , prior royal court preacher in Copenhagen
- 1747–1757: Jeremias Friedrich Reuß, resigned in favour of a professorship at Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, becoming also its chancellor
- 1757–1760: vacancy?
- 1760–1791: , in 1781, after general superintendent Hasselmann of Holstein had died, his ambit also included the formerly ducal Holstein share
General provosts in Duke John's share of the Holstein and Schleswig duchies
- 1545–1553: Vincentius Alberti, general provost, simultaneously visitator in Nordstrand, since 1549 also pastor and provost in Tondern
- 1554–1560: Johannes Vorstius, general provost, simultaneously provost of Haderslev, resigned in favour of the office as general provost for Holstein royal share, there also pastor in Itzehoe and provost of the Münsterdorf Consistory
- 1560–1569: Georgius Boëthius Agricola, general provost, simultaneously provost of Haderslev, since 1553 provost of Nordstrand
- 1569–1573: vacancy, unsuccessful touting for
- *Peter Boëthius, pastor in Königsbüll, and H. Tast, pastor in Bupsee, served as vice-provosts per pro
- 1573–1580: Georgius Schröder, general provost, pastor in Haderslev, simultaneously provost of Haderslev and of Nordstrand
- After John's death his share was divided between his brothers Adolphus and Christian.
General superintendents for the ducal shares of the Holstein and Schleswig duchies
- 1549–1563: Volquard Jonas
- 1562–1593:
- 1593–1610:
- 1610–1616:
- 1616–1640: Jacob Fabricius the Elder
- 1640–1645:
- 1645–1673: Johann Reinboth
- 1674–1684:
- 1684/88–1697:
- 1698–1713:
Bishop and general superintendents for Schleswig
- 1792–1834: Gen. Supt. Christian Adler, simultaneously general superintendent for Holstein since 1806
- 1835–1848: Gen. Supt.
- 1848–1850: Gen. Supt. as general superintendent for the German-speaking parishes, deposed and exiled by the Danish government in 1850
- 1848–1850: Gen. Supt. as general superintendent for the Danish-speaking parishes, deposed and exiled by the Danish government in 1850; afterwards Senior of Hamburg for the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the State of Hamburg
- *1850–1854: Supt. , he was appointed superintendent serving per pro the vacant general superintendency, he resigned in 1854
- 1854–1864: Bishop Ulrich Sechmann Boesen, after Hans Lassen Martensen refused the Schleswig see, on 11 April 1854 Boesen received it, officiating in Flensburg, Boesen was deposed by the Prussian occupants on 8 March 1864. He left for Vejle after Godt was appointed his successor, titled general superintendent. The title bishop was used again since 1925.
- 1864–1885: Gen. Supt. Bertel Petersen Godt, during his term the was formed from the previous Lutheran dioceses of Holstein and of Schleswig
- 1886–1917: Gen. Supt.
- 1917–1925: Gen. Supt. Friedrich Petersen, in 1920 his ambit was reduced by North Schleswig, in whose western part he was succeeded by , Bishop of Ribe, and in whose eastern part by , Bishop of Haderslev
Lutheran bishops of Schleswig within the Evangelical-Lutheran State Church of Schleswig-Holstein
- 1925–1933: , deposed by the Nazi-submissive majority of proponents of the Faith Movement of German Christians among the synodals
- 1933–1947: vacancy, until 1945 a partisan of the German Christians officiated as state bishop for all of Schleswig-Holstein
- 1947–1967:
- 1967–1978: D.
Lutheran bishops of Schleswig within the North Elbian Evangelical Lutheran Church
- 1967-1978: Alfred Petersen
- 1979-1990:
- 1991-2008: