List of Western Bloc defectors


Incomplete list of Western Bloc intelligence agents, military personnel, scientists, politicians, diplomats, and other prominent people who defected to Eastern Bloc or non-aligned countries during the Cold War.
List of notable Western Bloc defections

DefectorProfession/ProminenceCountry of originYear of DefectionCountry of defection
Erwin BorchersFrench Foreign LegionGermany / France1945Viet Minh
Ernst FreyFrench Foreign LegionAustria / France1945Viet Minh
Siegfried WenzelFrench Foreign LegionGermany / France1945Viet Minh
Kostas SarantidisFrench Foreign LegionGreece / France1946Viet Minh
Stefan KubiakFrench Foreign LegionPoland / France1946Viet Minh
Park Si-HyeongHistorianSouth Korea 1946North Korea
Karl-Eduard von SchnitzlerBBC journalistWest Germany 1947East Germany
Emil SelhoferFrench Foreign LegionSwitzerland / France1947Viet Minh
George Shaw WheelerForeign Economic Administration economistUnited States1947Czechoslovakia
Annabelle BucarState DepartmentUnited States1948Soviet Union
Hong Myong-HuiWriterSouth Korea1948North Korea
Kang Tae-MuRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1948North Korea
Kim Sun-NamComposerSouth Korea1948North Korea
George KovalAtomic spyUnited States1948Soviet Union
James McMillinUnited States Army cryptographerUnited States1948Soviet Union
Pyo Mu-WonRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1948North Korea
Albert ClavierFrench ArmyFrance1949Viet Minh
Robert DagleishForeign OfficeUnited Kingdom1949Soviet Union
Gerhart EislerJournalistUnited States1949East Germany
Noel FieldState DepartmentUnited States1949Czechoslovakia
Archibald JohnstoneJournalistUnited Kingdom1949Soviet Union
James StuartBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1949East Germany
Miroslav SurýFrench Foreign LegionCzechoslovakia / France1949Viet Minh
František VaňharaFrench Foreign LegionCzechoslovakia / France1949Viet Minh
David YoungRoyal NavyUnited Kingdom1949People's Republic of China
Ian MilnerUnited Nations diplomatAustralia1950Czechoslovakia
Ján PoláčekFrench Foreign LegionCzechoslovakia / France1950Viet Minh
Bruno PontecorvoAtomic physicistItaly / United Kingdom1950Soviet Union
John PeetReuters correspondentUnited Kingdom1950East Germany
Nâzım Hikmet RanWriterTurkey1950Soviet Union
Ri Sung GiSeoul National University chemistry professorSouth Korea1950North Korea
Arna RidesBritish Council medical adviserUnited Kingdom1950Czechoslovakia
Josef ZvoníkFrench Foreign LegionCzechoslovakia / France1950Viet Minh
Guy BurgessForeign Office /MI5United Kingdom1951Soviet Union
Donald MacleanForeign OfficeUnited Kingdom1951Soviet Union
Alfred SarantMilitary engineer / Atomic spyUnited States1951Poland, then Soviet Union
Joel BarrMilitary engineer / Atomic spyUnited States1951Czechoslovakia, then Soviet Union
Margaret SchlauchNew York University English professorUnited States1951Poland
Weng WenhaoGeologist and Kuomintang politicianTaiwan1951People's Republic of China
Heiner BraunTrack athlete West Germany1952East Germany
Stefan HeymUnited States Army / WriterUnited States1952Czechoslovakia, then East Germany
Günther GerekeChristian Democratic Union politicianWest Germany1952East Germany
Victor GrossmanUnited States ArmyUnited States1952East Germany
Kug Yong AmRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1952North Korea
Charles LucasUnited States ArmyUnited States1952East Germany
Aubrey E. MilesUnited States ArmyUnited States1952East Germany
Wolfgang Gans zu PutlitzMI5United Kingdom1952East Germany
Miloud SalhiFrench ArmyFrance1952Viet Minh
Clarence AdamsUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Howard Gayle AdamsUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Albert Constant BelhommeUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Otto Grayson BellUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Arthur BoydUnited States ArmyUnited States1953East Germany
Andrew CondronRoyal MarinesUnited Kingdom1953People's Republic of China
Richard G. CordenUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
William CowartUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
W. GlancyBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1953East Germany
Rufus DouglasUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
John Roedel DunnUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Andrew FortunaUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Hans Joachim GeyerGehlen OrganizationWest Germany1953East Germany
Lewis GriggsUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Samuel David HawkinsUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Wolfgang HöherGehlen OrganizationWest Germany1953East Germany
R. IrvineBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1953East Germany
Kim Sung BaiRepublic of Korea Air ForceSouth Korea1953North Korea
S. LewesBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1953East Germany
Norman M. LowellUnited States ArmyUnited States1953East Germany
R. W. LuwmanRoyal Netherlands ArmyNetherlands1953East Germany
Clifford F. MurphyUnited States ArmyUnited States1953East Germany
Arlie PateUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Scott RushUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Lowell SkinnerUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Larance SullivanUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Richard TennesonUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
James VenerisUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Harold WebbUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
R. WanroyRoyal Netherlands ArmyNetherlands1953East Germany
William WhiteUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Morris WillsUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Aaron WilsonUnited States ArmyUnited States1953People's Republic of China
Stanislaw ZdanowskiUnited States ArmyUnited States1953Poland
William Donal AdkinsUnited States ArmyUnited States1954Soviet Union
Choi Man ChongRepublic of Korea Air ForceSouth Korea1954North Korea
Joseph CortDoctor of medicine and University of Birmingham physiology lecturerUnited States1954Czechoslovakia
James DavisUnited States ArmyUnited States1954Czechoslovakia
Bruno FoltaRadio announcerWest Germany1954Czechoslovakia
Raymond H. HuttoUnited States ArmyUnited States1954East Germany
Otto JohnBundesamt für VerfassungsschutzWest Germany1954East Germany
Karl Franz Schmidt-WittmackBundestag deputy and Christian Democratic Union politicianWest Germany1954East Germany
Richard SquiresBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1954Soviet Union
William TurnerUnited States ArmyUnited States1954Soviet Union
Ralph Bernard Frederick CrossCanadian ArmyCanada1955East Germany
James W. PulleyUnited States ArmyUnited States1955East Germany
Manfred von BrauchitschRacing driverWest Germany1955East Germany
Ho Wei-ChinRepublic of China Air ForceTaiwan1955People's Republic of China
B. F. HollandUnited States ArmyUnited States1955East Germany
Horst SpanierUnited States ArmyUnited States1955East Germany
Wei Li-HuangRepublic of China ArmyTaiwan1955People's Republic of China
Hung Chin-ShanRepublic of China PoliceTaiwan1955People's Republic of China
Henri MaillotFrench ArmyFrance1956Algerian National Liberation Front
Wolf-Dieter LoeblBundeswehrWest Germany1956East Germany
Orest Stephen MakarPhotogrammetrist and St. Louis University engineering associate professorUnited States1956Soviet Union
Anthony WraightRoyal Air ForceUnited Kingdom1956Soviet Union
Augustin Cabrera OrozaSpanish NavySpain1957Mexico
Manuel Fernandez RodriguezSpanish NavySpain1957Mexico
Ginas Jiminez NortesSpanish NavySpain1957Mexico
Enrique Medina FernandezSpanish NavySpain1957Mexico
Jürgen MickeleitBundeswehrWest Germany1957East Germany
Victor RodriguezSpanish NavySpain1957Mexico
Alfred Kaufman SternPhilanthropistUnited States1957Czechoslovakia
Martha Dodd SternPhilanthropistUnited States1957Czechoslovakia
Ernie FletcherUnited States ArmyUnited States1959East Germany
Klaus FuchsAtomic spyUnited Kingdom1959Exchanged to East Germany
Ho Ye-ChenRepublic of China ArmyTaiwan1959People's Republic of China
Arnold KephartUnited States ArmyUnited States1959East Germany
Billy MullisUnited States ArmyUnited States1959East Germany
Lee Harvey OswaldUnited States Marine CorpsUnited States1959Soviet Union via Finland, rejected from Cuba
Libero RicciardelliUnited States Air ForceUnited States1959Soviet Union
Franz Julius SchröderChristian Democratic Union aideWest Germany1959East Germany
Arthur WegnerUniversity of Münster law professorWest Germany1959East Germany
John B. WittUnited States ArmyUnited States1959Czechoslovakia
Franz BöttgerBundeswehrWest Germany1960East Germany
Guy BouchardCanadian ArmyCanada1960East Germany
Horst BraunBundesluftwaffeWest Germany1960East Germany
Bruce DavisUnited States ArmyUnited States1960Soviet Union
Joseph DutkaniczUnited States Army Military IntelligenceUnited States1960Soviet Union
Richard GromekBundeswehrWest Germany1960East Germany
Gilbert Paul JenkersonBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1960East Germany
Bernon F. MitchellNational Security AgencyUnited States1960Soviet Union
William H. MartinNational Security AgencyUnited States1960Soviet Union
Peter PetrichBundeswehrWest Germany1960East Germany
Serafin SanchezUnited States Air ForceUnited States1960Cuba
Paul SchlüterSocial Democratic Party of Germany politicianWest Germany1960East Germany
Vladimir SlobodaUnited States Army Military IntelligenceUnited States1960Soviet Union
John StroblCanadian ArmyCanada1960East Germany
Horst TuschlaBundeswehrWest Germany1960East Germany
Otto WeissenbergerCartographerWest Germany1960East Germany
Walter BarthBundeswehrWest Germany1961East Germany
Walter HagemannChristian Democratic Union politician and University of Münster journalism professorWest Germany1961East Germany
K. H. FalkBundesamt für VerfassungsschutzWest Germany1961East Germany
Fernando GanhaoPortuguese ArmyPortugal1961Mozambican Liberation Front
Ollie HarringtonCartoonistUnited States1961East Germany
Junge familyUniversity of Washington scientistsUnited States1961Czechoslovakia
Winfried KrychowskiBundeswehrWest Germany1961East Germany
Mohamed LamariFrench ArmyFrance1961Algerian National Liberation Front
Wolfgang ObjegloBundeswehrWest Germany1961East Germany
Mário Moutinho de PáduaPortuguese ArmyPortugal1961Congo-Léopoldville
Larry Allen AbshierUnited States ArmyUnited States1962North Korea
Wilfried AlsguthBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Herbert BöhmerBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Heinz-Dieter BrehningBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
James Joseph DresnokUnited States ArmyUnited States1962North Korea
Günther FischerBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Heinrich FrankBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
R. S. HareldUnited States ArmyUnited States1962Czechoslovakia
Guntram HoffmannBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Rudolf AbelAtomic spyUnited States1962Exchanged to Soviet Union
Bobby Joe KeeseeUnited States ArmyUnited States1962Cuba
Henry KiernanUnited States ArmyUnited States1962East Germany
Albert KostedeBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Richard LangBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
David MichaelEngineerUnited States1962Cuba
Erwin MiranBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Nguyen Van CuRepublic of Vietnam Air ForceSouth Vietnam1962Cambodia
Klaus ReichardtBundesluftwaffeWest Germany1962East Germany
Willi SalzmannBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Peter-Joseph SchödderBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Manfred SchüsslerBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Horst PilgerBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Peter PitzenBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Bodo RatzingerBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Dieter SchmutzlerBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Otto SchwarzBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Ronald StanleyBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1962East Germany
Jürgen SteinigtwegBundesmarine MarinefliegerWest Germany1962East Germany
Robert StuckhausBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Wolfgang VogtBundesluftwaffeWest Germany1962East Germany
Berthold WizienBundeswehrWest Germany1962East Germany
Thomas BadeyUnited States ArmyUnited States1963East Germany
Frank BartonUnited States ArmyUnited States1963East Germany
Richard BourretPhysicistUnited States1963Cuba
Benjamin CainUnited States ArmyUnited States1963East Germany
Klaus ChepelierBundeswehrWest Germany1963East Germany
Victor Norris HamiltonNational Security AgencyUnited States1963Soviet Union
Reymond HerzetBelgian ArmyBelgium1963East Germany
Gary MartzkeUnited States ArmyUnited States1963East Germany
Roberto "Robert" Ramos MichelenaUnited States Air ForceUnited States1963Cuba
James Carl MooreUnited States ArmyUnited States1963East Germany
Heinrich James NewtonUnited States ArmyUnited States1963East Germany
Jerry Wayne ParrishUnited States ArmyUnited States1963North Korea
Brian PatchettBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1963East Germany
Christopher John PengateBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1963East Germany
Kim PhilbySecret Intelligence ServiceUnited Kingdom1963Soviet Union
Alfred SvensonUnited States ArmyUnited States1963East Germany
Willard E. ValentiniUnited States ArmyUnited States1963East Germany
Jacinto VelosoPortuguese Air ForcePortugal1963Mozambican Liberation Front
Chan ChuehOlympic Games officialTaiwan1964People's Republic of China
Cheng Yi-MingIntelligence BureauTaiwan1964People's Republic of China
Li Fung-RyongRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1964North Korea
Theo van EijckMarine-LuchtvaartdienstNetherlands1964Libya
Anatoly P. KotlobyRocket scientistUnited States1964Soviet Union
Ma Ching-ShanOlympic sharpshooterTaiwan1964People's Republic of China
Claude SwainUnited States ArmyUnited States1964East Germany
Zhao ZongliRepublic of China NavyTaiwan1964People's Republic of China
Bui Van TrachRepublic of Vietnam Air ForceSouth Vietnam1965Cambodia
Chan Chen-ChinRepublic of China ArmyTaiwan1965People's Republic of China
Chen LiIntelligence BureauTaiwan1965People's Republic of China
Alfred FrenzelSocial Democratic Party of Germany politicianWest Germany1965Exchanged to East Germany
Hua Tsu-HsinDiplomatTaiwan1965People's Republic of China
Charles Robert JenkinsUnited States ArmyUnited States1965North Korea
Glen Roy RohrerUnited States Army Military IntelligenceUnited States1965Czechoslovakia
Ana Maria Silva PaisDaughter of PIDE Director Fernando SilvaPortugal1965Cuba
Li ZongrenFormer Kuomintang politician, vice president and acting president of ChinaUnited States1965People's Republic of China
Nguyen Chi CanhHuế police chiefSouth Vietnam1965North Vietnam
Stephen BiggsBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1965East Germany
Harold M. KochRoman Catholic priestUnited States1966Soviet Union
John Discoe SmithState DepartmentUnited States1966Soviet Union
Nguyen Duch HienRepublic of Vietnam Air ForceSouth Vietnam1966Cambodia
Craig AndersonUnited States NavyUnited States1967Sweden
Richard BaileyUnited States NavyUnited States1967Sweden via Japan
John BarillaUnited States NavyUnited States1967Sweden
George BlakeSecret Intelligence ServiceUnited Kingdom1967Soviet Union
Lorenzo BrownUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Costa CalfelisJournalistGreece1967Switzerland
Des CarragherUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Jerry CondonUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Jerry DassGreen Beret SFOD B, S-5United StatesSweden
Jimmy DotsonUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
John ForlerUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Kenneth C. GriggsUnited States ArmyUnited States1967Cuba
Bob JansonUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Roy Ray JonesUnited States ArmyUnited States1967Sweden
Walter HarshallUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Tom HayesUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden, later managed Clergy & Layman Concerned
Roger HinchliffeUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Dick KilmerUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Steve KinnemanUnited States ArmyUnited States1967Sweden via Thailand, and Laos
Michael LindnerUnited States NavyUnited States1967Sweden
William MalesUnited States ArmyUnited StatesSweden
McKinley NolanUnited States ArmyUnited States1967North Vietnam
Henry NordbyUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Rich PauleyUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Richard Harwood PearceUnited States ArmyUnited States1967Cuba
Irving RubinUnited States ArmyUnited StatesSweden
Arnold SchölzelBundeswehrWest Germany1967East Germany
David SmithUnited States ArmyUnited States1967Sweden
Joe StewartUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Tseng Chao-PingRepublic of China Air ForceTaiwan1967People's Republic of China
Herbert WashingtonUSAREURUnited StatesSweden
Ted WeisbergUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Terry WhitmoreUnited States militaryUnited StatesSweden
Robert ArgentoUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Edwin ArnettUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
John AshleyUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Samuel BrownUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Gerald BurgerUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Robert BurroughsUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Robert CarrollUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Kenneth CooperUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Erwin FosterUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
David HaireUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Rodney HuthUnited States Marine CorpsUnited States1968Sweden
Edward JohnsonUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
William JonesUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Bruce Mayordraft evaderUnited States1968Sweden, served in the Swedish Army and has run for a seat in Parliament
Richard Lee McKinneyUnited States Marine CorpsUnited States1968Sweden
Peter MoebiusPhysicistWest Germany1968East Germany
Justin OlsonUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Herbert PatzeltEuropean Atomic Energy Community aideWest Germany1968East Germany
William PercellUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Ehrenfried PetrasMicrobiologistWest Germany1968East Germany
Bruce ProctorFormer Defense Intelligence Agency analystUnited States1968Sweden
Richard Lee ProppUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
David RomanUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Raymond SansivieroUnited States Marine CorpsUnited States1968Sweden
Parker SmithUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Vincent StrolloUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Richard TannimuraUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Gregory VitarelleUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Mark WarrellUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
Eugene WestbrooksUnited States ArmyUnited States1968Sweden
J. W. WrightUnited States Air ForceUnited States1968Soviet Union
William Lee BrentBlack Panther Party activistUnited States1969Cuba
Irvin Leon ButlerUnited States NavyUnited States1969Sweden
Lona CohenAtomic spiesUnited States1969Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Morris CohenAtomic spiesUnited States1969Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Jerry Bhagwan DassUnited States ArmyUnited States1969Sweden
Robert Edward DostlikUnited States Marine CorpsUnited States1969Cuba
Heinz FelfeBundesnachrichtendienstWest Germany1969Exchanged to East Germany
Olaf FoertschBundeswehrWest Germany1969East Germany
Ludwig GummertBundeswehrWest Germany1969East Germany
Thomas KavanaughUnited States ArmyUnited States1969East Germany
Hans-Joachim KruseBundeswehrWest Germany1969East Germany
Robert KündigerBundesmarineWest Germany1969East Germany
John LowneyUnited States Marine CorpsUnited States1969North Vietnam
Vassilios TsironisDoctor of medicineGreece1969Albania
Jim WalchUnited States ArmyUnited States1969Sweden
Zhou ZhendeRepublic of China ArmyTaiwan1969People's Republic of China
Kimihuro UomotoRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Kimiko FukudomeRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Kintaro YoshidaRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Moriaki WakabayashiRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Shirō AkagiRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Takahiro KonishiRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Takamaro TamiyaRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Takeshi OkamotoRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Yasuhiro ShibataRed Army Faction Japan1970North Korea
Alvin GlatkowskiUnited States Merchant MarineUnited States1970Attempted defection to Cambodia
Clyde McKayUnited States Merchant MarineUnited States1970Attempted defection to Cambodia
Marc CarbonneauFront de libération du Québec Liberation CellCanada1970Voluntarily defected to Cuba
Jacques Cossette-TrudelFront de libération du Québec Liberation CellCanada1970Voluntarily defected to Cuba
Yves LangloisFront de libération du Québec Liberation CellCanada1970Voluntarily defected to Cuba
Larry HumphreyUnited States ArmyUnited States1970Cambodia
Mihalis ManiadakisRoyal Hellenic Air ForceGreece1970Soviet Union
Chang Shuang-ChaoMinistry of Finance aideTaiwan1971People's Republic of China
Sun Chi-ChouDiplomatTaiwan1971People's Republic of China
Michael DeberryUSAREURUnited States1971Sweden
Tom HorneGreen BeretUnited StatesSweden
Ernest HunterUnited States Air ForceUnited StatesSweden
Hans-Dieter ReinkensmeierGerman Army Aviation CorpsWest Germany1971East Germany
Harold HillRolls-Royce Limited engineerUnited Kingdom1971Soviet Union
Esteban LlanaUnited States Air ForceUnited States1971Panama
Jaime MoraisPortuguese ArmyPortugal1971Sweden
Bernard PryerUnited States ArmyUnited States1971Panama
John R. VequistUnited States ArmyUnited States1971Sweden
Tobey WagnerUnited States ArmyUnited States1971Panama
Kevin CadwalladerBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1972Sweden
Ngo Cong DucJournalistSouth Vietnam1972Sweden
Pham Van DinhArmy of the Republic of VietnamSouth Vietnam1972North Vietnam
Philip AgeeCentral Intelligence AgencyUnited States1973Attempted defection to the Soviet Union but was denied; then Cuba
Sung Wei-PiFormer diplomatTaiwan1973People's Republic of China
Gerard BurnsBritish ArmyUnited Kingdom1974Ireland
Nguyen Thanh TrungRepublic of Vietnam Air ForceSouth Vietnam1975North Vietnam
Jürgen SchneiderBundeswehrWest Germany1976East Germany
Bong JuRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1977North Korea
William Joseph BlackUnited States ArmyUnited States1977Czechoslovakia
Yu Un HakRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1977North Korea
Robert ThompsonUnited States Air ForceUnited States1978Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Erhard MuellerBundesmarine Aviation WingWest Germany1978East Germany
Li Jun-GwangRepublic of Korea Army military intelligenceSouth Korea1978North Korea
Roy ChungUnited States ArmyUnited States1979East Germany, then to North Korea
Ursel LorenzenNATO aideWest Germany1979East Germany
Christel BroszeyChristian Democratic Union aideWest Germany1979East Germany
Inge GoliathChristian Democratic Union aideWest Germany1979East Germany
Helga RoedigerFederal Ministry of Finance West Germany1979East Germany
Alexander LambertSouth African Bureau of State SecurityRepublic of South Africa1979Sweden
Justin LinRepublic of China ArmyTaiwan1979People's Republic of China
Friedrich TombergPädagogische Hochschule philosophy professorWest Germany1979East Germany
Kim Ryong-JinRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1979North Korea
Imelda VerreptNATO aideBelgium1980East Germany
Günter GuillaumeAide to West German ChancellorWest Germany1981Exchanged to East Germany
Frank TerpilCentral Intelligence AgencyUnited States1981Libya, then to Cuba
Huang ZhichengRepublic of China Air ForceTaiwan1981People's Republic of China
Ma BiKuomintang adviserTaiwan1981People's Republic of China
Robert VescoFinancierUnited States1982Cuba
Joseph T. WhiteUnited States ArmyUnited States1982North Korea
Gerhard G.Bundesamt für VerfassungsschutzWest Germany1982East Germany
Gerald Andreas EckertSouth African ArmyRepublic of South Africa1983Mozambique
Li DaweiRepublic of China Air ForceTaiwan1983People's Republic of China
Mun Sang-CholRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1983North Korea
Assata ShakurBlack Panther Party activistUnited States1984Cuba
Xie YuchenFilm directorTaiwan1984People's Republic of China
Zhang JinfengFilm producerTaiwan1984People's Republic of China
Hans TiedgeBundesamt für VerfassungsschutzWest Germany1985East Germany
Jeffrey CarneyUnited States Air ForceUnited States1985East Germany
Ra Il-RyongRepublic of Korea ArmySouth Korea1985North Korea
Edward Lee HowardCentral Intelligence AgencyUnited States1985Soviet Union
Sonja LuenbergAide to Minister of the Economy Martin BangemannWest Germany1985East Germany
Herta-Astrid WillnerAide to West German ChancellorWest Germany1985East Germany
Herbert WillnerDefense analystWest Germany1985East Germany
Rudolf AlkenUniversity of Mainz researcherWest Germany1985East Germany
Karl KoecherCentral Intelligence AgencyUnited States1986Exchanged to Czechoslovakia
Hugo AlmeidaUnited States ArmyUnited States1986Cuba
Glenn Michael SoutherUnited States NavyUnited States1986Soviet Union
Arnold LokshinBiochemistUnited States1986Soviet Union
Wang XijueAirline pilotTaiwan1986People's Republic of China
Wade E. RobertsUnited States ArmyUnited States1987Soviet Union
Stig BerglingSwedish Security Service officerSweden1987Soviet Union via Finland
Theodore BranchRadio announcerUnited States1987Soviet Union
Choe Deok-SinFormer South Korean diplomat and foreign ministerUnited States1987North Korea
Song Chang-GuUnited States Army aideSouth Korea1988North Korea
Lin XianshunRepublic of China Air ForceTaiwan1989People's Republic of China
Michael PeriUnited States ArmyUnited States1989East Germany