Naidoo became active in the South African Students' Organisation that was banned in 1977 just after its leader Steve Biko was murdered in police detention. He then became a community-based organizer working with grassroots civic structures. He joined the Federation of South African Trade Unions as a volunteer in 1979. Naidoo was later appointed secretary general of the Sweet, Food and Allied Workers' Union. In this capacity, he led the country's largest ever nationwide strike with around 3.5 million participants in 1991, paralyzing factories and businesses across South Africa and leaving people without the basic services normally provided by black employees. In 1995, Naidoo served on the selection panel appointed by President Mandela to interview and shortlist candidates for South Africa'sTruth and Reconciliation Commission.
Later career
From 2002 until 2015, Naidoo was chair of the board of directors and chair of the Partnership Council of the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition headquartered in Geneva and launched at the 2002 UN Summit on Children as a public private partnership to tackle malnutrition facing 2 billion people in the world. He is the founder of the social development arm of an investment and management company, J&J Group, which he co-founded in 2000 in South Africa. From 2001 to 2010, Naidoo served as chairperson of the Development Bank of Southern Africa, the premier development finance institution driving infrastructure in the SADC region. In 2010, Naidoo reportedly sold off a third of his stake in J&J Group and donated the proceeds to two unnamed charitable trusts. He has published his autobiography, and more recently published his book In 2013, at the request of the French Minister of Development, Pascal Canfin, Naidoo co-authored a report on reforming Official Development Assistance. That same year, he chaired an international inquiry into labour rights violations in Swaziland, alongside Alec Muchadehama, Paul Verryn and Nomthetho Simelane.
For his accomplishments Naidoo has gained many honors, including becoming the Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur, one of France's highest decorations, and received the ‘Drivers for Change Award’ from the Southern African Trust and Mail & Guardian newspaper in October 2010. His most recent awards include the , in November 2012, as well as an , awarded September 2013.
Personal life
Jay Naidoo is married to Lucie Pagé, an award-winning French-Canadian writer and journalist, and regards his three children as his greatest achievement.