Hans Verhagen den Stommen or Hans Verhagen der Stomme was a Flemish painter and draftsman whose exact drawings of animals were influential on other artists who regularly copied them.
Life
He was born in Mechelen and is mentioned in 1554/55 as a pupil in Antwerp of the Mechelen painter Anthuenes Bessemer. It is uncertain whether Hans Verhagen den Stommen is the same Hans Verhagen who executed in 1576 two paintings, one depicting Moses striking water from the rock, and the other the Judgment of Solomon which were made for the town hall in Emden, Germany, where they hung until 1944. There was also a painter called Hans Verhaghen from Mechelen who worked around 1600 in Rotterdam and Delft, who is believed to have painted cartoons for the tapestry works. It is not clear whether this person is identical to Hans Verhagen den Stommen. His nickname ‘’den Stommen’’ means 'mute' in Dutch and indicates that he may have been mute.
Work
He is mainly known for his animal drawings. The Österreichische Nationalbibliothek in Vienna holds a codex of Naturstudien that was once the property ofEmperor Rudolf II. Four of the drawings in the folio are inscribed in the handwriting of the Flemishcourt painterJoris Hoefnagel attributing the drawings to a 'Hans Verhagen den stommen van Antwerpen'. Other than these four studies in the Naturstudien Codex, only 20 drawings by the same hand are known. These drawings which depict animals are kept at the Kupferstichkabinett in Berlin. One drawing shows the elephant that was exhibited in Antwerp in the autumn of 1563. Hans Verhagen den Stommen shows very exact observation skills in his drawings. He usually drew animals in their characteristic outline or in complementary views using opaque colours. In his drawing of a stone marten included in the Naturstudien Codex, Verhagen neatly represents the individual hairs of the animal. His works can be regarded as the start of scientific animal illustration in Antwerp. His zoological reliability had a significant influence on other artists, such as Hans Bol and Joris Hoefnagel. Hoefnagel used some of the drawings of Verhagen as models for his four-volume manuscript of natural history miniatures. Anonymous artists working in the later 16th century and the early 17th also copied his work.
