Montgomery was born in Jimtown, Kentucky, a black settlement outside of Springfield, Kentucky, on October 19, 1923. Montgomery grew up in a family of nine children. She had eight brothers: Joseph Ben, Robert, John Albert, Phillip, Lawrence Franklin, James Isaac, Rudolph and Carl. Her parents, Frances Walker and Ben Gore Montgomery, later moved the family to the state's largest metropolis, Louisville, as a result of a tornado destroying their two-room shack. As a young girl she attended Louisville's all-black schools, Virginia Avenue Elementary School and Madison Junior High School. She graduated from Central High School in 1940, and from 1940 to 1942 attended the Louisville Municipal College. As a young wife and mother of an adopted son, William, Georgia and her husband Norman "Nicky" Davis joined the New Covenant Presbyterian Church in Louisville. A fellow church member, Verna Smith, encouraged Montgomery to take her first steps into Democratic Party politics by joining the U.S. Senatorial campaign staff of Wilson Wyatt. Montgomery worked for the Allied Organization for Civil Rights in promoting statewide public accommodations and fair employment laws in the early 1960s. Montgomery was initiated as an honorary member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. in 1993.
Public office
Elected to serve in the Kentucky Senate from January 1968 to January 1989, Montgomery sponsored bills prohibiting employment discrimination, sex and age discrimination, in addition to introducing statewide fair housing legislation. She was a leader in the movement to change what many considered the racially insensitive wording of the Kentucky State Song, My Old Kentucky Home, in 1986. In the first few months of her term, she introduced and secured an open housing bill, the first in any southern state. Even as an elected official, she was not able to get a room in a hotel in segregated Frankfort. She also supported legislation to improve education for the physically and mentally disabled. Montgomery was a member of the Cities Committee, Elections and Constitutional Amendments Committee and the Rules Committee. She served as secretary of the Democratic caucus from 1968 to 1988. She chaired two legislative committees: Health and Welfare and Labor and Industry. In an oral history interview by Betsy Brinson in 2000, Governor Breathitt remembered: In her autobiography, I Shared the Dream: The Pride, Passion, and Politics of the First Black Woman Senator from Kentucky, Montgomery wrote that she had a personal relationship with Martin Luther King Jr. as a friend, trusted confidante, and lover. She also wrote that she was at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis when King was assassinated in 1968, although some of King's other associates questioned her account. After she retired from her seat in the Kentucky Senate in 1988, she remained committed to the continuing fight for equal rights and human dignity. In 1990, Montgomery created the Friends of Nursing Home Residents to organize faith-based volunteerism in the Louisville area to serve as visitors to the local nursing homes. She also incorporated in 1994 an organization called QUEST to monitor the work of the Jefferson Countyschool board to halt the return to segregated schools.
Awards and honors
Montgomery was included in a national photographic exhibit that opened on February 8, 1989, at the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C.: Portraits of Black Women Who Changed America. In 1989, Montgomery received an honorary doctor of laws degree from the University of Kentucky and an honorary doctorate of humane letters from the University of Louisville.
Death
Montgomery died on January 30, 2016, at the home of one of her brothers in Louisville, after suffering from congestive heart failure for several years.
Legacy
In 2010 the Kentucky Legislature, under House Joint Resolution 67, renamed the portion of I-264 that runs through the West End of Louisville from I-64 near the Indiana border to the junction with US 31W the Georgia Davis Powers Expressway. The University of Kentucky endowed a chair in the name of Senator Powers as part of UK's Center for Research on Violence Against Women.
