Rogers played with St Francis when he was younger and was spotted by Dermot Keely and was brought to the Shelbourne youth team. While with the youth team, he had a trial at Stockport County. He did not get a contract and upon his return he never made a first-team appearance for Shelbourne. He played for St Francis in the First Division for one season in 2000–01.
At the age of 19 he moved to Drogheda United. He was a regular in the first team helping the club to promotion to the top flight in his first season and was the main factor in the Drogheda brilliant defensive record. He picked up his first FAI medal when he was part of the Drogheda FAI Cup winning squad in 2005.
Disappointed with a lack of first-team appearances, he joined Dermot Keely's Dublin City in December 2005. However six months into his contract Dublin City pulled out of the League of Ireland and Rogers was without a club. He subsequently signed for Bray Wanderers. He stayed at Bray until the start of the 2007 season.
He signed for Galway United in February 2007, who were newly promoted to the Premier Division. Upon his signing, manager Tony Cousins said of Rogers: "Gary is a top class goalkeeper, has a lot of experience in the League of Ireland and I'm delighted to add a player of his ability to the team." Rogers became the first-choice goalkeeper and helped the Tribesmen stay up in his first season with the club. However, Cousins was sacked at the start of the 2008 season. New manager Jeff Kenna came in April and Galway's form improved in the latter part of the season, and clean sheets against Finn Harps and UCD, who were both subsequently relegated, helped the Tribesmen stay up.
Rogers followed Jeff Kenna to Dublin side St Patrick's Athletic at the beginning of the 2009 season. Saints goalkeeper Barry Ryan moved in the opposite direction vacating the goalkeepers' jersey. Kenna was sacked after a poor start with the club. Rogers remained at the club for the following season under Pete Mahon and was voted Player of the Month for March 2010 having kept clean sheets in the opening five games if the season. Rogers was part of the League of Ireland XI side that played Manchester United in the opening game at the Aviva Stadium. Rogers was voted by the Ultras group the 'Shed End Invincibles' as their Player of the Year. He re-signed for the Saints on 30 November 2010. Rogers was part of St. Patrick's European run in 2009, which saw the club reach the 2009–10 UEFA Europa League play-off round keeping clean sheets against Valletta F.C. and FC Krylia Sovetov Samara. Two years later Pats again played 3 rounds in the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League where he kept clean sheets against Íþróttabandalag Vestmannaeyja and FC Shakhter Karagandy. Gary made his 100th appearance for the Saints against Dundalk on 13 June 2011.
Sligo Rovers
In December 2011 Rogers signed for Sligo Rovers and has established himself as the club's number 1 . He helped the club to a first league title in 35 years in 2012 playing every league game until after the title was secured. 2013 saw him play Champions League footballfor the first time as Rovers were beaten by Molde of Norway. He kept a career best 26 clean sheets during the season.
Dundalk
Rogers signed for Dundalk in November 2014. In his first season, he won both the Premier Division and the FAI Cup. He also appeared in the qualifying rounds of the 2015–16 UEFA Champions League as Dundalk went out to BATE Borisov. He was part of the Dundalk side that made Irish footballing history by reaching the play-off round of the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League, where they lost 3–1 on aggregate to Polish side Legia Warsaw, dropping into the group stages of the Europa League as a result. He went on to become a big part of following league campaigns, picking up league medals in 2018 and 2019.
European Competition
Rogers holds the record with for most appearances in European competition for an Irish domestic player .
Rogers is a native of Navan in County Meath. He grew up playing gaelic football for his local club, St. Ultan's. A three-month ban following an altercation with a referee playing for St. Ultan's resulted in him deciding to concentrate on a football career at the age of 17. When his then League of Ireland club, Dublin City, went out of existence in 2006, Rogers returned to playing Gaelic football and appeared in two National Football League games for Meath before being offered a contract at Galway United and deciding to resume his professional football career.