Albert Auguste Gabriel Hanotaux, known as Gabriel Hanotaux was a French and historian.
Biography
He was born at Beaurevoir in the département of Aisne. He studied history at the École des Chartes, and became maître de conférence in the École des Hautes Études. His political career was that of a civil servant rather than a party politician. In 1879 he entered the ministry of foreign affairs as a secretary, and rose gradually through the diplomatic service. In 1886, he was elected deputy for Aisne, but, defeated in 1889, he returned to his diplomatic career, and on 31 May 1894 accepted the offer of Charles Dupuy to be minister of foreign affairs. With one interruption he held this portfolio until 14 June 1898. During his ministry he developed the rapprochement of France with Russia—visiting Saint Petersburg with the president, Félix Faure—and sought to delimit the French colonies in Africa through agreements with the British. The Fashoda Incident of July 1898 was the most notable result of this policy. This seems to have intensified Hanotaux's distrust of England, which is apparent in his literary works. Hanotaux was elected a member of the Académie française on 1 April 1897. He served as a delegate for France with the League of Nations and participated in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Assemblies. In the early 1920s, there were proposals for the League of Nations to accept Esperanto as a working language. Ten delegates accepted the proposals with only one voice against, the French delegate, Gabriel Hanotaux. The French employed their veto as a member of the League Council on all such votes, starting with the vote on December 18, 1920. Hanotaux did not like how the French language was losing its position as the international language of diplomacy and saw Esperanto as a threat. Gabriel Hanotaux died in Paris in 1944 and was interred in the Passy Cemetery. His home in Orchaise now serves as a botanical garden, the Parc botanique du Prieuré d'Orchaise.
Works
Les Villes retrouvées
Origines de l'institution des intendants des provinces, d'après les documents inédits
Henri Martin, sa vie, ses œuvres, son temps, 1810-1883, Librairie Léopold Cerf, Paris, 1885, VII-340 p.,. et téléchargeable sur Internet Archive.
Études historiques sur le XVIe et le XVIIe en France
Recueil des instructions données aux ambassadeurs et ministres de France : depuis les traités de Westphalie jusqu'à la Révolution française
Essai sur les libertés de l'Église gallicane depuis les origines jusqu'au règne de Louis XIV
Tableau de la France en 1614, la France et la royauté avant Richelieu
La Seine et les quais, promenades d'un bibliophile
Du Choix d'une carrière
L'Énergie française
Histoire de la France contemporaine, 1871-1900 , , et disponibles sur Internet Archive
La Paix latine
La jeunesse de Balzac. Balzac imprimeur 1825-1828, with Georges Vicaire Paris, A. Ferroud, 1903, 1re édition. Librairie des Amateurs, A. Ferroud, F. Ferroud, 1921. La partie « Balzac imprimeur » recense et décrit tous les livres imprimés par Balzac dans son imprimerie.
Le Partage de l'Afrique : Fachoda
La Démocratie et le Travail
La Fleur des histoires françaises
Jeanne d'Arc
Une commémoration franco-américaine. Pour un grand français, Champlain
Études diplomatiques. La Politique de l'équilibre, 1907-1911
Histoire de la nation française
La France vivante. En Amérique du Nord
Études diplomatiques. 2e série. La guerre des Balkans et l'Europe, 1912-1913
Les Villes martyres. Les falaises de l'Aisne
Pendant la grande guerre, I : études diplomatiques et historiques
L'Énigme de Charleroi, l'Édition Française Illustrée, Paris
L'Aisne pendant la Grande guerre
Circuits des champs de bataille de France, histoire et itinéraires de la Grande guerre
L'Art religieux ancien dans le comté de Nice et en Provence
À propos de l'histoire
Mon temps
Pour l'Empire colonial français
Raymond Poincaré
Four volumes of his memoir, Mon Temps were published between 1933 and 1947. He edited the Instructions des ambassadeurs de France à Rome, depuis les traités de Westphalie''.
