Bilica is infamous for his statement during his time at Venezia when during a game against Brescia he claimed that he would break the legs of Roberto Baggio. Baggio wound up getting injured and stayed on the sidelines for several months, but the tackle was made by Antonio Marasco. Bilica made his debut at Bahia. He then later played for clubs including Palermo, Köln and many more. In 2004, Bilica was approached by Goiás Esporte Clube, as part of the manager Celso Roth's preparations for the 2004 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A. However, the negotiations with the Goiânia club did not go as expected. Bilica was then signed by the Porto Alegre club Grêmio. At Grêmio, Fábio Bilica was part of the squad that was relegated to the Série B. In a disastrous campaign, Grêmio was virtually relegated with four rounds to go to the end of the season, and Bilica was dismissed by the team after problems with the club, such as a verbal altercation with heckling fans, arguments with the coach Cláudio Duarte, and for the poor campaign and financial conditions of the club. Bilica was released by the club after the end of the season, amidst problems with the club president, Paulo Odone, and allegations of indiscipline and improper conduct. In November 2007, he arrived in Romania, at Universitatea Cluj, there he played in 17 matches and in the last game of the season which was the Cluj derby against CFR Cluj, Bilica fouled an opponent in his own penalty area, so CFR Cluj scored their winning goal. After this match, it was suspected that he did not play fair against CFR Cluj, helping them to win the Romanian championship instead of Steaua Bucharest. He later stated in an interview that he was contacted by some players from CFR Cluj with three days before the match who tried to convince him to "take it easy" against them, telling him they have a lot of money for him, but he refused. Bilica signed for Sivasspor in July 2008 and caught the attention of Fenerbahçe. He later signed with Fenerbahçe on 8 June 2009 in exchange for Yasin Çakmak and €1.5 million.
While playing for Venezia during the 1999–2000 Serie A season, Bilica replaced the goalkeeper who had been sent off and then proceeded to save a penalty from A.C. Milan striker Andriy Shevchenko.
