Eusebio Leal
Eusebio Leal Spengler was a Cuban historian. He was the Havana City Historian, director of the restoration program of Old Havana and its historical center, UNESCO World Heritage Site. He also wrote books and presented television programs about the city and its history.
City Historian
Leal realised that the Cuban state could not fund the restoration of the Old Havana directly, and persuaded Fidel Castro to pass part of the profits from commercial businesses set up in the area to fund the restoration. For that purpose, he had set up several companies including Habaguanex S.A., which owned hotels and restaurants.A friend of late Cuban leader Fidel Castro, Leal preferred to identify himself as a "Fidelist" rather than a Marxist. The succesful revitalization effort, and the broad powers given to him by the government, resulted in Leal becoming the de facto mayor of Old Havana. Leal was also a member of the ruling Cuban Communist Party's elite Central Committee and came to be seen as an elder statesman of Cuba.
He was President of the Commission of Monuments in the City of Havana and a specialist in Archeological Sciences.
Other positions
Leal served as Deputy to the National Assembly of the Popular Power in the IV, V and VI Legislature, Ambassador of Good Will of the United Nations, the University of Havana and had a Masters degree in Latin American, Caribbean, and Cuban Studies.Personal life
His son, Javier Leal, runs a travel agency and an art gallery in Barcelona, Spain.Academic studies
Academic studies:- Lawyer in History, University of Havana, 1979.
- Postgraduate in Italy on restoration of Historical Centers, he was granted a scholarship conferred by the Ministry of Foreign Relations of the Italian Republic
- Specialist in Archaeological Science, University of Havana, 1987
- Master of Studies on Latin America, the Caribbean and Cuba, University of Havana, 1996
- Doctor of Philosophy in Historical Sciences, University of Havana, 1997
- Doctor Honoris Causes in Philosophy and Letters of the University of Athens, Greece
- Doctor Honoris Causes in Architecture of the University of Ferrara, Italy
- Doctor Honoris Causes in Architecture of the University of the Republic, Uruguay
Member of
- Cuban Communist Party Central Committee
- The Permanent Commission of International Relations of the National Assembly of Cuba
- The Group of Patrimony of the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Cuba
- The Advisory Technical Council of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Cuba
- Scientific Council of the Faculty of Arts and Letters of the University of Havana
- The Cuban National Committee of ICOMOS
- Member of Honor of the Academy of Sciences of Cuba
- Member of Honor of the National Union of Historians of Cuba
- Member of Honor of the Union of Writers and Artists of Cuba
- The Advisory Committee for the Eradication of the Poverty of the Program of the Nations United for the Development
- The Society Smithsonian, the United States
- The National Trust of Preservation, England
- The International Napoleonic Society
- Honor of the Latin American Organization of Cooperación Intermunicipal
- The Academy of History of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
- The International Advisory Board of the Havana Heritage Foundation
Academic Activity
- Academic of Number of the Cuban Academy of the Language, Corresponding of the Real Academia Española
- Professor Titular of the Chair of Philosophy and Letters of the University of Havana
- Member of the Chairs Eloy Alfaro and Juan Gualberto Go'mez of the University of Havana
- Corresponding member of the Real Spanish Academy of History
- Corresponding member of the Real Spanish Academy of Beautiful Arts of San Fernando, like Competent in Art
- Corresponding member of the Venezuelan Academy of History
- Corresponding member of the Peruvian Academy of History.
- Member of the Association of Latin American Historians
- Member of Honor of the Union of Architects and Engineers of Cuba
- Eminent Professor of the catholic university of Valley of Atemajac University, Mexico
- Corresponding member of the National Academy of History of Peru
- Emeritus Professor of the University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Emeritus Professor of the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
- Highest Rank Professor of the Soka University, Tokyo, Japan
- Invited professor of the Universidad de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- Visitant professor on the matter "Compared History of Hispanic-America" in the Institute of Diplomacy and International Sciences of the University of Guayaquil, Ecuador
- President of the Society of Cuba-Mexico Friendship
- Adviser of the Congress of Integración Latin American Cultural
- Patron of Honor of the Foundation of File of Indian, Asturias, Spain
Honours and awards
Honours
- Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Charles III.
- Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Isabella the Catholic.
- Knight Officer of theOrder of Merit of the Italian Republic
- Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland with Star of Silver
- Order to the Merit of the Republic of Poland with Gold Star
- Order of Merit by Distinguished Services of the Republic of Peru, Grand Cross
- Order of Merit by Distinguished Services of the Republic of Peru, Grand Official
- Order to the Merit of the Republic of Colombia in the degree of Commander
- Order of Academic Palms of France in the Commission rank
- Order of the Arts and Letters of France
- National Order of the Legion of Honour of France
Awards
- Prize the International of Architecture Philippe Rothie of Belgium
- Prize 2002 of the Association for the Management of the Urban Centers AGECU in the Section of Latin American Initiative, Valencia, Spain
- First Prize to the Restoration of the city of Alcalá de Henares
- Prize ARPAFIL of the Fair the International of Libro - Guadalajara 2002
- Prize of the city of Barcelona of 1998
- Prize of the city of Valencia
- Prize Arthur Posnansky granted by the Presidency of the Republic of Bolivia
- Prize of the Real Foundation of Toledo by the Rehabilitation of the Historical Center of Havana, in act presided over by HM the King of Spain
- Golden Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis, Poland
- Medal 1300 years of the Bulgarian State
- Medal by the XL Anniversary of the victory on the fascismo of the Republic of Bulgaria
- Medal by the XL Anniversary of the victory on the fascismo of the socialist Republic of Czechoslovakia.
- Medal of Presidential Honor Pablo Neruda, Republic of Chile
- Medal Victor Hugo of UNESCO
- Henry Hope Reed Award, 2016