The present 2009 Directive updated the Works Council Directive 94/45/EC, which in the same pattern as now, applied to every firm with over 1000 employees, and at least 150 employees in a different member state. It stipulated that employees must be informed and consulted on matters closely affecting employment of workers over at least two member states, such as the ‘prospective trend of employment, any substantial change in firms’ organisation and production processes and collective redundancies or sales of undertakings.’ In 2005, the EU Commission issued a draft proposal to update the 1995 Directive, noting particularly that while 820 European Works Councils existed, that represented merely 36% of the enterprises falling within the scope of the directive and around 60% of employees. It also took the position that works councils as they stood were not ‘up to the task of playing their full role in anticipating and managing change and building up a genuine transnational dialogue between management and labour’. With that in mind, the 2009 Directive was issued.
Provisions
The preamble of the Directive explicitly aims for ‘increasing the proportion of EWCs established’, ‘ensuring the effectiveness of employees’ transnational information and consultation rights’, and ‘remedying the lack of legal certainty resulting from some of its provisions or the absence of certain provisions, and ensuring that Community legislative instruments on information and consultation of employees are better linked’. It also emphasises that information must be provided ‘without slowing down the decision-making process in undertakings’. According to article 1 the 'purpose of this Directive is to improve the right to information and to consultation of employees in Community-scale undertakings and Community-scale groups of undertakings.’ Community scale undertakings are defined in article 2 as having over 1000 employees in at least two member states. In article 2 "consultation" is defined to mean The procedure for establishing works councils follows on under article 5 from either the initiative of management, or the request of over 100 employees. Once this happens, under article 6both sides are under a duty to negotiated in good faith to reach agreement about the scope of the works' councils' functions, the composition and number of representatives on the works councils. Representatives have the right to perform their functions as part of their job, and so they do not lose pay for time spent on works council matters. The Directive stipulates that information and consultation in European Works Councils should be integrated with national employee representation bodies.
