Electrical safety standards Electrical safety is a system of organizational measures and technical means to prevent harmful and dangerous effects on workers from electric current , electric arc , electromagnetic field and static electricity .History The electrical safety develops with the technical progress. In 1989 OSHA promulgated a much-needed regulation in the General Industry Regulations. Several standards are defined for control of hazardous energy , or lockout/tagout. In 1995 OSHA was successful in promulgation of regulations for utility. In 1994 were established Electrical Safety Foundation International non-profit organization dedicated exclusively to promoting electrical safety at home and in the workplace. Standards are compared with those of IEEE and National Fire Protection Association .Lightning and earthing protection Lightning and Earthing protection systems are essential for the protection of humans, structures, protecting buildings from mechanical destruction caused by lightning effects and the associated risk of fire, Transmission lines , and electrical equipment from electric shock and Overcurrent .Earthing protection systems TT system TN system IT systemLightning protection systems lightning rod lightning rod with taut wires. lightning conductor with meshed cage Electrical shocks on humans can lead to permanent disabilities or death. Size, frequency and duration of the electrical current affect the damage. The effects from electric shock can be: stopping the heart beating properly, preventing the person from breathing, causing muscle spasms. The skin features also affect the consequences of electric shock.Indirect contact - can be avoided by automatic disconnection for TT system, automatic disconnection for TN systems, automatic disconnection on a second fault in an IT system , measures of protection against direct or indirect contact without automatic disconnection of supplyDirect contact - can be avoided by protection by the insulation of live parts, protection by means of barriers or enclosures, partial measures of protection, particular measures of protectionElectrical safety conductors NEC 2008 Table 250.122 - Safeco Electric Supply Australian Standards - Australia - AS/NZS 3000:2007,AS/NZS 3012:2010,AS/NZS 3017:2007,AS/NZS 3760:2010,AS/NZS 4836:2011 Български Държавен Стандарт - - БДС 12.2.096:1986 Bulgaria Brazilian National Regulation - NR10 Brazil - China GB4943, GB17625, GB9254 IEEE/TÜV - Germany NSR Niederspannungsrichtlinie 2014/35/EU La norme français C 15-100 - Aspects de la norme d’installation électrique France British standard - United Kingdom BS EN 61439,BS 5266,BS 5839,BS 6423,BS 6626,BS EN 62305,BS EN 60529 India Standardization - India - IS-5216,IS-5571,IS-6665 Polska Norma - Poland - PN-EN 61010-2-201:2013-12E - ГОСТ 12.2.007.0-75,ГОСТ Р МЭК 61140-2000,ГОСТ 12.2.007.0-75,ГОСТ Р 52726-2007 Russia| NFPA, IEEE STD 80, IEEE STD 80 - United States NFPA 496,NFPA 70Lightning protection standards NFPA 780, IEC 62305 СТО 083-004-2010,ГОСТ Р МЭК 62561.2-2014 БДС EN 62305-1:2011 Norme NF C 15-100 DIN EN 62305-1 PN-EN 62305 BS-EN 62305 UNE 21186. Protección contra el rayo IS 2309 GB/T 36490-2018Electronics and communications The manufacturers of electronic tools must take into account several standard for electronic safety to protect the health of humans and animals.ANSI C95.3:1972 - Techniques & instrumentation for measurement of potentially hazardous electromagnetic radiation at microwave frequencies. CNC-St2-44.01 V02.1.1 NOM-152 MET MOC 023/96Communication and high frequency safety standards Few standard were introduced for the harmful impact from high frequency, CB-02 Radio Equipment ANSI/IEEE 1.2 mW/Cm for antennas 1800-2000 MHz range. Radio Communication safety ANSI/IEEE C95.1-1992, ГОСТ Р 50829-95 Mobile Communication safety 73/23/EEC and 91/263/EECGallery
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