Day beacon


A day beacon is an unlighted nautical sea mark. A signboard attached to a day beacon is called a day mark and is used to identify it. Typically, day beacons mark channels whose key points are marked by lighted buoys. Day beacons may also mark smaller navigable routes in their entirety. They are the most common aid to nautical navigation in shallow water as they are relatively inexpensive to install and maintain. Navigation around day beacons is the same as with all other navigational aids.

Identification

Lateral marking

For historical reasons, there are two systems for lateral day beacons. When proceeding from open water towards harbor, marks with cylindrical topmarks or square dayboards are kept to port in both regions, but colors and numbers are reversed.
IALA RegionArea covered, very roughlyColors when approaching harbors from seawardNumbersShape
Region AEurope, Africa, most of Asia, AustraliaLefthand side marks are red
Right: green		Left: even numbers
Right: odd numbers		Left: cylindrical topmarks, square dayboards, can buoys
Right: conical topmarks, triangular dayboards, nun buoys
Region BN&S America, Japan, Philippines, Eastern PacificLeft: green
Right: red		Left: odd
Right: even		The same

When lateral beacons are paired, vessels should pass between the pairing. However, beacons are also frequently placed individually. Generally, single lateral beacons are at the inside corner of a turn. Interior or exterior placement can be determined based upon the passing side dictated by beacon designation. However, a current chart should always be consulted for all but the shallowest-draft vessels, as channel conditions are rarely ideal.

Cardinal marking

Cardinal day beacons are used to indicate the position of a hazard and the direction of safe water as a cardinal direction relative to the mark. This makes them meaningful regardless of the direction or position of the approaching vessel, in contrast to the lateral mark system.
A cardinal day beacon indicates one of the four compass directions by: