Following his service in the United States Army, Brouillette served as Rep. Billy Tauzin's legislative director from 1989 to 1997. From 1997 to 2000, he was Senior Vice President of R. Duffy Wall & Associates, a DC-based independent lobbying firm. Brouillette was Assistant Secretary for Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs in the U.S. Department of Energy from 2001 to 2003 under President George W. Bush. He then served as chief of staff under Rep. Billy Tauzin and was also staff director for the House Energy and Commerce Committee from 2003 to 2004, when Tauzin chaired the committee. Brouillette was involved in crafting provisions included in the Energy Policy Act of 2005, specifically with respect to the Department of Energy loan guarantee program and federal authorization of importation and exportation of liquid natural gas. From 2004 to 2006, Brouillette was a vice president at Ford Motor Company, running the company's domestic policy teams. He also served on Ford's North American Operating Committee. In 2006, Brouillette was hired as head of public policy and senior vice president at United Services Automobile Association, which offers financial services to people and families that serve, or served, in the United States military. Brouillette also served as a member of Louisiana's State Mineral and Energy Board from 2013 to 2016.
On October 18, 2019, President Trump announced he would nominate Brouillette as United States Secretary of Energy to replace Rick Perry, who had announced he would step down by the end of the year. On November 7, 2019, President Trump sent his nomination to the Senate. Perry formally resigned as Energy Secretary on December 1, 2019, making Brouillette the acting secretary as his nomination was still pending before the U.S. Senate. On December 2, 2019, the Senate confirmed his nomination by a vote of 70–15. Brouillette was formally sworn in on December 11, 2019. According to documents obtained by the Aiken Standard, Brouillette has delegated many of his powers and responsibilities to Under Secretary of EnergyMark Menezes.
Personal life
Brouillette and his wife, Adrienne, are U.S. Army veterans and the parents of nine children, all of whom the couple homeschooled. They reside in San Antonio.