The Anarchist-Communist Federation of Occitania was a platformist federation, founded by Guy Malouvier, which operated in Occitania from 1969 to 1975.
History
In the late 1960s, a new generation of militant anarchists appeared in Europe, disappointed by the European synthesis federations whose raison d'être was to regroup all the tendencies of anarchism, which they saw as a purely ideological work. These militants began to cluster in trends within these old groups. In 1967 the libertarian communists, who had previously merged with other groups to form the Anarchist Federation, regrouped to form an organized trend within it, the Anarchist Revolutionary Organization, which published a magazine called The Insurgent. The "Federacion Anarquista Comunista d'Occitània" , was put together by Guy Malouvier, Joan-Pau Verdier and Gérard Bodinier, after the events of May 68 saw the emergence of Occitan nationalism. The "Anarchist-Communist Federation of Occitania" defended the idea of a "socialist federation of the regions" of Occitania and tried to link libertarian communism to national and cultural emancipation, breaking with the Jacobin order. Malouvier was a member of the ORA and created the FACO in principle as a branch of it. In 1970 the ORA became independent of the FA. In 1971 Daniel Guérin tried to unite the ORA with the Movement for the Struggle for Change. The two groups do not manage to merge but, a group of MLC militants joined the ORA while other ORA groups joined the MLC to form the first Libertarian Communist Organization. The FACO, meanwhile, withdrew from the ORA due to ideological disagreements, including the issue of nationality. FACO was made up of fifteen groups and up to a hundred activists. The organization led public meetings with other Occitanist groups, some of a Marxist tendency and other nationalist types like the Party of the Occitan Nation, but linguistically, FACO differed from other Occitan nationalists by their refusal to unify the language. Multiple different dialects were used in Occitania libertaria; Limousin, Gascon, Provençal, etc. The emblem of the FACO was the red and black flag struck with the Occitan cross and the Star of Félibrige. At demonstrations, they marched with the other anarchist organizations. They also had sympathy for ETA, at war with Francoist Spain, and with a Basque libertarian communist magazine, "Askatasuna", which was beginning the reconstruction of the CNT in Euskadi towards the end of the dictatorship.
