Alberto Alesina
Alberto Francesco Alesina was an Italian political economist. According to Lawrence Summers, he was one of the leading political economists of his generation, publishing much-cited books and articles in major economics and political science journals.
Background and professional life
Alesina was born in Broni, Pavia, Italy. Alesina obtained his undergraduate degree in economics from Bocconi University.From 2003–2006, Alesina served as Chairman of the Department of Economics at Harvard. He was the Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economy at Harvard. He visited several institutions including Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Tel Aviv University, University of Stockholm, The World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund. In 2006, Alesina participated in the Stock Exchange of Visions project.
He published five books and edited many more. His two most recent books were The Future of Europe: Reform or Decline, and Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe: A World of Difference. He was a co-editor of the Quarterly Journal of Economics for eight years and associate editor of many academic journals. He published columns in many leading newspapers around the world. He was a founding contributor of the online economic policy and research journal Voxeu.org and of Lavoce.info.
Alesina's work covered a variety of topics, including:
- Political business cycles
- The political economy of fiscal policy and budget deficits
- The process of European integration
- Stabilization policies in high inflation countries
- Currency unions
- The political economic determinants of re-distributive policies
- Differences in the welfare state in the US and Europe
- Differences in the economic system in the US and Europe
- The effect of alternative electoral systems on economic policies
- The determination of the choice of different electoral systems
Death
On 23 May 2020, Alesina was hiking in the morning with his wife Susan. During their return, Alesina suffered a heart attack and died on the spot at the age of 63.Austerity
Alesina was an influential proponent of austerity during the Great Recession. He argued that austerity can be expansionary in situations where government reduction in spending is offset by greater increases in aggregate demand.In October 2009 Alesina and Silvia Ardagna published "Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending", a much-cited academic paper aimed at showing that fiscal austerity measures did not hurt economies, and actually helped their recovery. On June 6, 2013 U.S. economist and 2008 Nobel laureate Paul Krugman published "How the Case for Austerity Has Crumbled" in The New York Review of Books, noting how influential these articles have been with policymakers, describing the paper by the 'Bocconi Boys' Alesina and Ardagna as "a full frontal assault on the Keynesian proposition that cutting spending in a weak economy produces further weakness", arguing the reverse.
Selected publications
Books
- 1995. Partisan Politics, Divided Government and the Economy. Cambridge. and
- 1997a. Political Cycles and the Macroeconomy. MIT Press. and chapter-preview
- 1997b. Designing Macroeconomic Policy for Europe, CEPR, London.
- 2003. The Size of Nations. MIT Press. and chapter-preview
- 2004. Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe: A World of Difference. Oxford. , and "slide-show" , and chapter-preview links via "select" .
- 2006. The Future of Europe: Reform or Decline, MIT Press. , , .
Articles
- 1987. "Macroeconomic Policy in a Two-Party System as a Repeated Game," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 102, p –678.
- 1988b. "Macroeconomics and Politics," NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1988, Volume 3, pp. 13–62.
- 1991. "Why Are Stabilizations Delayed?", American Economic Review, 81, pp.
- 1993. "Central Bank Independence and Macroeconomic Performance: Some Comparative Evidence", Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 25, p –162.
- 1994. "Distributive Politics and Economic Growth", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109, p –490.
- 1995. "The Political Economy of Budget Deficits", IMF Staff Papers, 42, pp. –31.
- 1996a. "Political Instability and Economic Growth", Journal of Economic Growth, 1, p –211
- 1996b. "Income Distribution, Political Instability, and Investment,", European Economic Review, 40, pp. 1203–1228.
- 1997. "On the Number and Size of Nations", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112, p –1056.
- 1999. "Public Goods and Ethnic Divisions", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114, pp.
- 2000a. "Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why?", Journal of Economic Growth, 5, p –63.
- 2000b. "Participation in Heterogeneous Communities", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115, p –904.
- 2002a. "Who Trusts Others?" Journal of Public Economics, 85, pp. .
- 2002b. "Fiscal Policy, Profits, and Investment", American Economic Review, 92, pp.
- 2003. "Fractionalization", Journal of Economic Growth, 8, p –194.
- 2004. "Inequality and Happiness: Are Europeans and Americans Different?", Journal of Public Economics, 88, pp. .
- 2005a. "International Unions", American Economic Review, 95, p –615.
- 2005b. "Ethnic Diversity and Economic Performance", Journal of Economic Literature, 43, pp.
- 2007:3. "Political Economy," NBER Reporter, pp. .
- 2010. "Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes versus Spending", in J. R. Brown, ed., Tax Policy and the Economy, v. 24, ch. 2, pp. 35–68.
- 2013. "On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough", Quarterly Journal of Economics. 2013; 128 : 469-530.
- 2015. "The Output Effect of Fiscal Consolidations", Journal of International Economics, vol 96, pages S19-S42.
- 2016. "Ethnic Inequality", Journal of Political Economy, vol. 124, pages 428-488
- 2016. "Birthplace Diversity and Economic Prosperity", Journal of Economic Growth, vol. 21, pages 101-138