The Division 1 home-and-away season was played over 18 rounds; the top four then contested the finals under the Page–McIntyre system. The finals were played at the St Kilda Cricket Ground.
Ladder
Finals
Awards
The leading goalkicker for the third consecutive season was Fred Cook. Cook kicked 103 goals in the home-and-away season and 115 goals overall.
The J. J. Liston Trophy was won jointly by Barry Nolan and Trevor Durward ; the two could not be separated on countback, each polling fourteen first preferences and four second preferences, for a total of 32 votes. Laurie Burt was third with 28 votes.
Preston won the seconds premiership. Preston 10.13 defeated Port Melbourne 10.12 in the Grand Final, played as a stand-alone match on Saturday 16 September at Toorak Park.
Werribee won the lightning premiership. Werribee 5.2 defeated Sandringham 3.10 in the Grand Final, played as a curtain-raiser to the senior Grand Final on Sunday 24 September. Werribee was the only Division 2 club to win the lightning premiership in the eight years it existed from 1972–1979, and it was the first Association title of any kind won by the club.
Division 2
The Division 2 home-and-away season was played over eighteen rounds; the top four then contested the finals under the Page–McIntyre system; all finals were played on Sundays at Toorak Park.
Ladder
Finals
Awards
The leading goalkicker for Division 2 was Mark Fotheringham who kicked 100 goals in the home-and-away season and 105 goals overall. Fotheringham, aged 21, was playing his first season of senior Association football.
The J. Field Medal was won by Lance Styles, who polled 39 votes. Styles finished ahead of Richard Radziminski, who finished second with 37 votes, and Ray Orchard, who finished third with 30 votes.
Oakleigh won the Seconds premiership. Oakleigh 24.10 defeated Camberwell 23.12 in the Grand Final, played as a stand-alone match on Saturday, 9 September at Northcote Park.
The top three Association clubs from 1977 – Port Melbourne, Sandringham and Coburg – were invited to participate in the NFL Night Series, known this year as the Escort Cup. In the competition, played on Tuesday nights concurrently with the premiership season:
Coburg defeated East Perth by 22 points, before losing its quarter-final against Glenelg by 17 points.
Interleague matches
The Association played an interleague representative match against Queensland for the second consecutive season.
Other notable events
On 28 May, Box Hill ended a 29-game losing streak dating back to Round 15, 1976, after coming from seven goals behind to draw with Sunshine; Sunshine 15.17 led Box Hill 9.11 at three-quarter time, but Box Hill made up the deficit with the wind in the final quarter to record a draw, 17.17 apiece. Box Hill's winless streak extended to 34 games before it recorded its sole win for the season against Williamstown in Round 13.
On 20 August, Preston recovered from a 39-point half time deficit to defeat Coburg by one point. When the final siren sounded, the scoreboard showed the clubs tied on 17.12 apiece, but after the goal umpires conferred, the score was confirmed to be Preston 17.13 d. Coburg 17.12.
In the Division 1 preliminary final, Prahran overcame a four-goal final quarter deficit to defeat Port Melbourne by 22 points; the win broke an eleven-game losing streak by Prahran against Port Melbourne.
Prior to the Division 2 Grand Final, Frankston and Camberwell players became engaged in a scuffle after a disagreement during the warm-up.
In its Lightning Premiership semi-final, Werribee forward John Bellin kicked a goal after the final siren to secure victory against Coburg; Werribee 7.1 d. Coburg 6.2.
