1905 in Canada

Incumbents

Crown

• Monarch – Edward VII

  Federal government

• Governor general – Albert Grey
• Prime minister – Wilfrid Laurier
• Chief Justice – Henri Elzéar Taschereau
• Parliament – 10th

  Provincial governments

Lieutenant governors

• Lieutenant Governor of Alberta – George Hedley Vicars Bulyea
• Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière
• Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Daniel Hunter McMillan
• Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Jabez Bunting Snowball
• Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Alfred Gilpin Jones
• Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – William Mortimer Clark
• Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Donald Alexander MacKinnon
• Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Louis-Amable Jetté
• Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan – Amédée Forget

  Premiers

• Premier of Alberta – Alexander Cameron Rutherford
• Premier of British Columbia – Richard McBride
• Premier of Manitoba – Rodmond Roblin
• Premier of New Brunswick – Lemuel John Tweedie
• Premier of Nova Scotia – George Henry Murray
• Premier of Ontario – George William Ross then James Whitney
• Premier of Prince Edward Island – Arthur Peters
• Premier of Quebec – Simon-Napoléon Parent then Lomer Gouin
• Premier of Saskatchewan – Thomas Walter Scott

  Territorial governments

Commissioners

• Commissioner of Yukon – Zachary Taylor Wood then William Wallace Burns McInnes
• Commissioner of Northwest Territories – Frederick D. White

  Lieutenant governors

• Lieutenant Governor of Keewatin – Daniel Hunter McMillan
• Lieutenant Governor of the North-West Territories – Amédée E. Forget

  Premiers

• Premier of North-West Territories – Frederick Haultain

  Events

• January 25 – 1905 Ontario election: Sir James Whitney's Conservatives win a majority, defeating G. W. Ross's Liberals
• February 8 – Sir James Whitney becomes premier of Ontario, replacing George Ross
• February 27 – Clifford Sifton resigns from cabinet
• March 23 – Lomer Gouin becomes premier of Quebec, replacing Simon-Napoléon Parent
• July 20 – The Saskatchewan Act receives Royal Assent
• August 26 – Roald Amundsen begins the first to travel through the Northwest Passage
• September 1 – The Autonomy Act is passed, thus creating Saskatchewan and Alberta.
• September 2 – Alexander Rutherford becomes the first premier of Alberta.
• September 5 – Walter Scott becomes the first premier of Saskatchewan.
• November 9 – 1st Alberta General Election: Alexander Rutherford's Liberals win a majority in the first Alberta election
• November 24 – The Canadian Northern Railway is completed to Edmonton
• December 13 – 1905 Saskatchewan election: Walter Scott's Liberals win a majority in the first Saskatchewan election

  Arts and literature

Births

January to June

• January 21 – George Laurence, nuclear physicist
• January 28 – Ellen Fairclough, politician and first female member of the Canadian Cabinet
• February 8 – Louis-Philippe Pigeon, judge of the Supreme Court of Canada
• March 27 – Elsie MacGill, the world's first female aircraft designer
• April 30 – John Peters Humphrey, legal scholar, jurist and human rights advocate
• May 1 – Paul Desruisseaux, lawyer and politician
• May 23 – Donald Fleming, politician, International Monetary Fund official and lawyer
• June 8 – Ralph Steinhauer, native leader, first Aboriginal to become the Lieutenant Governor of Alberta
• June 23 – Jack Pickersgill, civil servant and politician

  July to December

• July 25 – Grace MacInnis, politician and feminist
• August 1 – Helen Hogg-Priestley, astronomer
• August 31 – William Anderson, politician and businessman
• August 15 – E.K. Brown, literary critic
• September 21 – Loran Ellis Baker, politician
• November 1 – Paul-Émile Borduas, painter
• December 1 – Alex Wilson, track and field athlete and Olympic silver medallist
• December 24 – Milt Dunnell, sportswriter

  Full date unknown

• Nat Taylor, inventor of the cineplex

  Deaths

• April 23 – Gédéon Ouimet, politician and 2nd Premier of Quebec
• May 23 – Fletcher Bath Wade, politician and barrister
• May 29 – William McDougall, lawyer, politician and a Father of Confederation
• August 1 – John Brown, politician, miller, mining consultant and prospector
• August 7 – Alexander Melville Bell, educator
• September 8 – David Howard Harrison, farmer, physician, politician and 6th Premier of Manitoba
• October 29 – Étienne Desmarteau, athlete and Olympic gold medallist

  Historical Documents